In order to investigate whether experimental material consisting of noise-exposed animals should be regarded as 'ears' or 'animals', a comparison was made between the permanent threshold shifts in the right and left ears in 53 groups of noise-exposed guinea-pigs, with 5 animals in each group. The action potential (N1) thresholds were measured at fourteen frequencies in both ears. In the noise-expo

In many raptors and owls the male is the main provider of food in the early phase of the nestling period while the female incubates the eggs and broods the young. In the nestling period the female often helps the male to feed the young, but the factors affecting whether and when she leaves the brood to hunt have not been investigated in detail. We present a dynamic state variable model that analys

Transgenically introduced laminin (LN) α1 chain prevents muscular dystrophy in LNα2 chain deficient mice. We now report increased integrin α7Bβ1D synthesis in dystrophic LNα2 chain deficient muscle. Yet, immunofluorescence demonstrated a reduced expression of integrin α7B subunit at the sarcolemma. Transgenic expression of LNα1 chain reconstituted integrin α7B at the sarcolemma. Expression of α- a

Phytochrome from oats (Avena sativa L. cv. Sol II), partially purified on brushite, was immobilized on Sepharose beads to which antiphytochrome immunoglobulin had been covalently linked. The immobilized phytochrome was first brought to the Pr form with unpolarized far-red light. The change in linear dichroism at 660 nm induced by plane polarized red light, and its reversal by plane polarized far-r

The BhMIR32 xyn11A gene, encoding an extracellular endoxylanase of potential interest in bio-bleaching applications, was amplified from Bacillus halodurans MIR32 genomic DNA. The protein encoded is an endo-1,4-beta-xylanase belonging to family 11 of glycosyl hydrolases. Its nucleotide sequence was analysed and the mature peptide was subcloned into pET22b(+) expression vector. The enzyme was over-e

We study the probability distribution of the height of global maximum for a Gaussian random field evolving in time. Particularly, we discuss the role of the wave kinematics. It is observed that taking into account time dynamics of spatial characteristics results in distributions different from those obtained for the static case. We show how different characteristics of the sea surface like signifi

Abstract in UndeterminedThe questions dealt with in the course of this workshop are greatly complex. In order to outline the state of the art in Southern Scandinavia the character of the archaeological and palaeobotanical source material and different theories on early agriculture are summarized. Theoretical and methodological problems implied in ecological and archaeological interpretations of th

Several conditions for being an intrinsically intentional agent are put forward. On a first level of intentionality the agent has representations. Two kinds are described: cued and detached. An agent with both kinds is able to represent both what is prompted by the context and what is absent from it. An intermediate level of intentionality is achieved by having an inner world, that is, a coherent

Ingestion of aliphatic hydrocarbons--even in small amounts--can cause severe respiratory distress in children. Such accidents are becoming increasingly common in Sweden. A case of severe hydrocarbon ingestion is reported, where a 16-month-old boy, initially treated with mechanical ventilation for respiratory distress, subsequently developed a reversible radiological complication, pneumatocele. Pat

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Purpose: To evaluate the functional disorders of the oral and pharyngeal phases of deglutition after repair of esophageal atresia in children. Material and Methods: 19 children (10 girls, 9 boys, mean age 22 months) underwent videofluoroscopy of deglutition after repair of esophageal atresia. The videofluoroscopic studies were assessed according to functional and morphological changes in the oral,

In this paper, two fundamentally different urban wastewater systems are assessed from an environmental impact perspective. One system represents a centralised, high-tech, end-of-pipe structure c whereas the second system is primarily based on source-separation strategies. Using material flow analysis a in combination with evaluation methods based on life-cycle assessment the systems are evaluated

Twelve palaeogeographical reconstructions illustrate environmental changes at the southwest rim of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet 40-15 kyr BP. Synchronised land, sea and glacier configurations are based on the lithostratigraphy of tills and intertill sediments. Dating is provided by optically stimulated luminescence and calibrated accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon. An interstadial sequence ca

The reduced bone mineral density (BMD) found in patients with fractures may, in part, follow rather than precede the fracture. We studied the magnitude and reversibility of bone loss in the 15 months following osteotomy in 21 men and 5 women with localized medial arthritis of the knee. BMD (mean +/- SD), measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, decreased by a maximum of 35 +/- 21% in the m