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The aim of this study is to describe in what ways variation can be used in learning situations for pupils with autism to evoke deep understanding of activities in natural settings. The combination of variation and structure was designed to make each pupil discern new aspects of their learning objects. The analysis of the six participants’ learning was based on the variation theory, and focused on

In this article an educational action research study, based on a phenomenographic approach, is reported in which unexpected results have been possible to gather thanks to the inductive design of the study. The aim is to describe the ways in which contrasts of critical aspects of a learning object affect the students' generative learning found by analysing three learning studies based on the theory

Background: The failing heart is traditionally described as metabolically inflexible and oxygen starved, causing energetic deficit and contractile dysfunction. Current metabolic modulator therapies aim to increase glucose oxidation to increase oxygen efficiency of adenosine triphosphate production, with mixed results. Methods: To investigate metabolic flexibility and oxygen delivery in the failing

Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective in treating chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), they often fail to eradicate the leukemia-initiating stem cells (LSCs), causing disease persistence and relapse. Evidence indicates that LSC persistence may be because of bone marrow (BM) niche protection; however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we molecularly and function

The hippocampus is one of the most studied neuroanatomical structures due to its involvement in attention, learning, and memory as well as its atrophy in ageing, neurological, and psychiatric diseases. Hippocampal shape changes, however, are complex and cannot be fully characterized by a single summary metric such as hippocampal volume as determined from MR images. In this work, we propose an auto

The purpose of this thesis is to understand how consumer innovativeness and motivations relate to the decision to adopt green innovations. This thesis examines two forms of green transport innovations, shared e-bikes and e-scooters, which are part of the shared micromobility phenomenon. The penetration of shared micromobility into the market is estimated to increase in the upcoming years, and incr

Importance: It is important to determine the added clinical value for tau positron emission tomography (PET) in the diagnostic workup of patients with cognitive symptoms before widespread implementation in clinical practice. Objective: To prospectively study the added clinical value of PET detecting tau pathology in Alzheimer disease (AD). Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective cohort

The genomic conflict between the sexes is caused by differences in the optimal male and female reproductive strategies, and is a major contributor to genetic, phenotypic, and life history variation. While early experimental work appeared to strongly support predictions from sexual conflict, recent work has produced more ambiguous results. Recent advances in experimental evolution studies combined

Agricultural expansion and intensification have boosted global food production but have come at the cost of environmental degradation and biodiversity loss. Biodiversity-friendly farming that boosts ecosystem services, such as pollination and natural pest control, is widely being advocated to maintain and improve agricultural productivity while safeguarding biodiversity. A vast body of evidence sh

This doctoral dissertation consists of three self-contained essays covering different aspects of household finance. The first paper, Bank Competition and Household Non-Housing Debt: Evidence from U.S. Bank Deregulation, examines the effect of bank deregulation in the U.S. on household non-housing debt. Using household level data from 1984 to 2000, I find that deregulation increases non-housing deb

Cold-season methane (CH4) emissions may be poorly constrained in wetland models. We examined cold-season CH4 emissions simulated by 16 models participating in the Global Carbon Project model intercomparison and analyzed temporal and spatial patterns in simulation results using prescribed inundation data for 2000–2020. Estimated annual CH4 emissions from northern (>60°N) wetlands averaged 10.0 ± 5.

Objectives Studies on health effects of tobacco often rely on self-reported exposure data, which is subjective and can lead to misclassification. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of cigarette smoking, snus and e-cigarette use, as well as to validate self-reported tobacco use among young adults in Sweden. Method Participants of a population-based Swedish cohort (n=3052), aged 22

Galectins are a group of carbohydrate-binding proteins with a presumed immunomodulatory role and an elusive function on antigen-presenting cells. Here we analyzed the expression of galectin-1 and found upregulation of galectin-1 in the extracellular matrix across multiple tumors. Performing an in-depth and dynamic proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis of human macrophages stimulated with galecti

The standard treatment of glioblastoma, an aggressive brain tumour, includes radiotherapy combined with temozolomide. Based on a randomised trial, showing five months increased survival, TTF has been introduced in the management of patients with good performance status. Data from the Swedish national quality registry for CNS tumours have been analysed for TTF usage. The results demonstrate that 65