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Background: Teaching quality is commonly assessed through classroom observation. However, observer ratings of teaching quality frequently exhibit limited psychometric quality. Beyond evaluating the ratings themselves, exploring the observation process and the design of the video environment may offer valuable insights into conditions that enhance rating accuracy. Aims: This study explored the clas

Background: Device-aided therapies, such as levodopa-and apomorphine-based infusion pumps, are widely used for managing patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with symptoms inadequately controlled by oral medications. Cognitive impairment is a critical factor in selecting an appropriate therapy; however, the effects of levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) and continuous subcutaneous apomorphin

Background: This study aimed to compare the effect on postoperative complications of combined prehabilitation targeting predefined co-existing risky SNAP factors with usual preoperative routines in surgical patients. Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA 2020 guideline and the protocol (CRD42022282611). Five databases were searched from inception to November 7, 2022 for randomised co

Tillgången till grundvatten varierar inom Kadiridimba i östra Rwanda och felplacerade borrningar kan bli dyra. Examensarbetet samlar brunnsobservationer, uppgifter från handpumpar, kart- och höjddata samt tidigare underlag. Utifrån detta byggs en konceptuell och numerisk beskrivning av grundvattenförhållandena som kan användas i planering. Modellen använder fyra geologiska enheter: ett ytligt lerlRapid population growth, climate variability, and limited hydrogeological data create uncertainty for groundwater decisions in Rwanda. Kadiridimba catchment was selected as a case study to develop a groundwater model, test what can be concluded under these constraints, and identify the measurements that most strengthen confidence in the results and assumptions. The aim was to develop and evaluate

Background: Magnetic resonance flow imaging is vital tool for modern cardiovascular medicine. However, it is resource intensive. Simulations can help develop magnetic resonance sequencing methods and can also facilitate use of AI models in the future by providing realistic test models to train on. Simulations of magnetic resonance imaging are often computationally demanding and the accuracy of the

Purpose: To present the outcomes of a randomised clinical trial for the treatment of progressive keratoconus using different kinds of riboflavin and the addition of sterile water in thin corneae. Methods: A randomised study using epithelium-off corneal cross-linking (CXL) with continuous UVA irradiance 9 mW/cm2 for 10 min (total fluence 5.4 J/cm2) and two kinds of riboflavin solutions: (i) isoosmo

Male childlessness in late adulthood is increasingly prevalent in rural China, raising concerns about later-life care and welfare sustainability. While research has examined individual predictors and macro-level conditions, little is known about how these factors interact within the broader structure-agency context. This study, guided by a life course perspective, explores the structural factors s

Lagging fires pose a significant safety risk in industrial systems where organic contaminants interact with lagging (insulation) materials. This study used isothermal calorimetry to investigate factors influencing the self-heating and ignition propensity of various C18-based substances and rapeseed oil, as contaminants in the lagging. The contaminant and lagging under investigation were added to g

Introduction: There is no recommendation regarding the optimal prime solution for the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit in adult cardiac surgery. Despite the lack of scientific evidence, mannitol has frequently been added to the prime solution with intention to prevent acute kidney injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of mannitol in cardiopulmonary bypass circuit prime in patie

Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective and safe way to prevent HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM). PrEP became available to MSM in Sweden in 2018, but there have been challenges in its accessibility. The aim of this study was to gain an improved understanding of the lived experience of MSM enrolled in a PrEP program in Sweden. Data were collected through in-d

Direct lineage reprogramming of glial cells to induced neurons has the potential for restoring brain circuits and function in neuronal disorders and states. We introduce three-dimensional (3D) human glia reprogramming into neurons with a GABAergic interneuron phenotype using stem cell-derived human glia. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of the converted cells demonstrates distinct neuronal clusters w

Pediatric cancers exhibit complex evolutionary dynamics driven by genetic instability, clonal selection, epigenetic reprogramming, and microenvironmental interactions. Tumor evolution is typically characterized by branching phylogenies, where subclones with unique genetic profiles emerge at different locations and time points. Partly as a result of this diversity, advanced cancers often develop re

Background: Biliary acute pancreatitis (AP) during pregnancy is a challenging situation, and current guidelines for AP, pregnancy care, and surgery do not specifically address its management. This study investigated the safety and effectiveness of cholecystectomy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) during pregnancy in AP. Methods: This international retrospective multicenter