Popular Abstract in Swedish Olika sätt att mäta substrat (monosackarider) och produkter (främst etanol) vid tillverkning av biobränslet etanol har studerats. Etanoltillverkning sker i en fermentor med hjälp av mikroorganismer som kan omvandla socker. Det är av stort intresse att mäta koncentrationen av produkter och substrat under tillverkningsprocessens gång för att veta om den fortlöper som den Two different detection methods for on-line monitoring of substrates and products in ethanol fermentations have been studied. Amperometric biosensors were developed for use as detectors in flow injection or liquid chromatographic (LC) systems. Carbon paste was used as the electrode material and served as the supporting matrix to incorporate the enzymes alcohol oxidase or pyranose oxidase. Hydrogen

There are several solutions to keep the workers at good thermal state at hot or cold workplaces, for example, PCM (phase change materials) and ice; electrically heated clothing; increase/decrease clothing insulation, e.g. with smart textiles; water based cooling/heating; air based systems, ventilated clothes. Following methods can be used to increase the ventilation in the clothes: use of air perm

Slips and falls on icy roads often result in fractures or sprains and is a major problem in Nordic countries. Walking trials by 25 subjects wearing four types of winter shoes on five different icy walking surfaces provided subjective and objective measures of tendency to slip and number of slips, respectively. Since friction is a major determinant of a slip, the influence of material spread on icy

The use of enzymes in nonaqueous media has considerably expanded their potential areas of application. Limitations however arise that are inherent to the low conformational flexibility of enzymes in dry organic media. Enzyme activity is often unfavorably low due to kinetic barriers. Enzyme behavior, with respect to heat and long-term inactivation, may deviate from their behavior in aqueous media.

This report summarizes 28 case studies addressing the common interest for indicators in case studies in Nordic and Baltic countries and is distributed to different building types – Benchmarking systems and indicators (4 case studies) – Offices (7 case studies) – Housing (8 case studies) – School and nursery (5 case studies) – Shopping centres (3 case studies) – Hospital (1 case studies) There are

Biografisk skildring av medicinstuderande Hildegard Björck (1847-1920), Sveriges första kvinna att avlägga akademisk examen och Lunds universitets första studentska.