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Background: Severity of the primary unilateral cleft lip/nose deformity (UCL/N) is postulated to play a key role in postoperative complications, aesthetic result, and need for secondary surgery. There is no validated and widely accepted classification scheme of initial cleft severity. The purpose of this study was to validate the Unilateral Cleft Lip Cleft Severity Index as a reliable tool for eva
Background: A standardized evaluation tool is needed for the assessment of surgical outcomes in cleft lip surgery. Current scales for evaluating unilateral cleft lip/nose (UCL/N) aesthetic outcomes are limited in their reliability, ease of use, and application. The Unilateral Cleft Lip Surgical Outcomes Evaluation (UCL SOE) scale measures symmetry of 4 components and sums these for a total score.
Breast cancer risk is influenced by rare coding variants in susceptibility genes, such as BRCA1, and many common, mostly non-coding variants. However, much of the genetic contribution to breast cancer risk remains unknown. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study of breast cancer in 122,977 cases and 105,974 controls of European ancestry and 14,068 cases and 13,104 controls of
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of innovation on the export behavior of firms. Design/methodology/approach – Using two waves of Swedish Community Innovation Survey merged with register data on firm-level, the authors estimate the influence of the innovation output and innovation input of firms on their export propensity and intensity. Findings – The authors find that the
Sedan mitten på 1900 talet har halvledarmaterial revolutionerat hur vi ser på världen genom uppfinningar som det har gett upphov till, såsom datorer, solceller, och lysdioder. Det är möjligheten att kunna styra halvledarens förmåga att leda ström—mellan att vara nästan metallisk till att vara isolerande—som gör den användbar för tillämpningar inom elektronik. Under de senaste decennierna har elektThis dissertation focus on the atomic-scale characterization of the surface properties and electronic structure of III–V semiconductor nanowires (NWs). Since the early 2000s, the fabrication and characterization of III–V NWs has been a very significant topic within material science due to their potential for applications in lighting, energy harvesting, and electronics. A prominent feature of the N
Relative clauses are considered strong islands for extraction across languages. Swedish comprises a well-known exception, allegedly allowing extraction from relative clauses (RCE), raising the possibility that island constraints may be subject to "deep variation" between languages. One alternative is that such exceptions are only illusory and represent "surface variation" attributable to independe
The current study compares controlled acceptability judgments for Swedish relative clause extractions to extractions from that-clauses and extractions from non-restrictive relative clauses. It also compares each structure in both extracted and non-extracted form. The reported possibility of relative clause extraction in Swedish (and the other Mainland Scandinavian languages) has long presented a c
This paper presents two novel findings: I show (i) that there is a strong connection between ϕ-feature agreement and scope freezing in Swedish, and (ii) that Swedish tough-constructions (TCs) involve movement of the embedded object into the matrix subject position. Scope freezing is shown to take place in adjectival TCs, morphological passives and adjectival raising structures in Swedish, but not
Objective: Interferon gamma release assays like Quantiferon Gold In-Tube (QFT) are used to identify individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A dichotomous cut-off (0.35 IU/ml) defines a positive QFT without considering test variability. Our objective was to evaluate the introduction of a borderline range under routine conditions. Methods: Results of routine QFT samples from Sweden (20
With the development of the society and the times, traditional parametric design methods are witnessing a severe challenge due to the more and more complex physical systems. Thus, developing novel parametric analysis methods is very important for dealing with complex physical systems, refining useful parameters from numerous data, and proposing accurate prediction formulas. A spring slider system,
The perfect switching between crystal phases with different electronic structure in III-V nanowires allows for the design of superstructures with quantum wells only a single atomic layer wide. However, it has only been indirectly inferred how the electronic structure will vary down to the smallest possible crystal segments. We use low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to d
There is a need to develop new techniques for quantitative measurement of receptors expression on particular vasculature cells types. Here, we describe and demonstrate a novel method to measure quantitatively and simultaneously the expression of endothelin B receptor (ETB) on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). We isolated cells from male rat tissues such as: brain pial, brain intraparenchymal an
The DAΦNE electron-positron collider of the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati of INFN has made available a unique quality low-energy negatively charged kaons "beam", which is being used to study the kaon-nucleon/nuclei interactions by the SIDDHARTA-2 experiment and the AMADEUS Collaboration. The dynamics of the strong interaction processes in the nonperturbative regime is approached by lattice calc
This study presents an energy efficient ultra-wideband (UWB) transmitter based on the novel transmitted reference pulse cluster (TRPC) modulation scheme. The TRPC-UWB transmitter integrates wideband active baluns, a wideband IQ modulator based on up-conversion mixers, and a differential-to-single-ended converter. The integrated circuits of the TRPC-UWB front end are designed and implemented in a l
