Bacteria can live in a surface attached community called biofilm, where microorganisms can multiply, grow and produce extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and biofilm formation proceeds in different stages from attachment to a mature biofilm. In food industry, biofilms are a significant issue that can affect product quality and safety when biofilms are formed in the processing equipment. The

I alla industrier där partiklar behandlas i torra prover är segregering ett stort problem. Segregering kan ske vid olika steg i processen där partiklarna i fråga till exempel transporteras, blandas eller bara lagras. Det uppskattas att uppemot 30 % av all fördröjning i processer sker på grund av segregering av partiklar(Johanson, 2014). Detta leder till kritiska konsekvenser för ett företag så somSegregation is a well-known process problem that may cost companies quality and time. The aim of this project was to establish a fundamental understanding about sifting segregation by using the sifting segregation tester described in the ASTM International standard. In this work, Cellets and Suglets were used to study particles tendency to segregate at different weight ratios and different particl

Flooding of urban areas is a worldwide problem as cities grow and the amount of impermeable surfaces increase generating more surface runoff. In the Zambian city of Ndola, the capital of the Copperbelt Province, flooding occurs in some parts of the city especially on Dag Hammarskjöld Drive at the underbridge, which has been flooding every rainy season consecutively for 8 years now. The main object

Syftet med examensarbetet är att ta fram en mer tillförlitlig leveransprestationsmätning av Orkla Foods Sveriges leverantörer vars resultat kan kommuniceras både internt och externt för att långsiktigt förbättra leveransprestationen. När denna studie genomfördes hade Orkla Foods Sverige problem med låg leveransprestation från sina leverantörer och otillförlitliga mätningar av detta som grundade s

Estonia has taken an upward trend in terms of innovation and economic growth since 1991 and is currently the most prosperous ex-USSR country. Moldova on the other hand, another ex-USSR country, is one of the poorest countries in Europe and it has more or less stagnated for the past 2 decades in terms of innovation and R&D. Estonia’s NIS (National Innovation System) has evolved remarkably and w

Användandet av agila utvecklingsmetoder inom IT-organisationer har utvecklats till att inkludera driftsidan (Ops). DevOps är en rörelse för ökat samarbete mellan utvecklare (Dev) och driftpersonal (Ops) med rötter i agila utvecklingsmetoder där de fyra värdegrunderna är kultur, automation, mätning och delning. Rörelsen lockar företag i hopp om snabbare time-to-market och en bättre möjlighet till

Education for sustainability (EfS) has been regarded a promising approach for solving sustainability challenges. Results have been unsatisfying due to a knowledge-dissemination focus in the formal sector. Reasons are economic and political interests shaping formal education. Therefore, hopes are placed in the non-formal sector to close this knowledge-to-action gap. In this case study, I aim to und

The aim of this study was to describe and analyze how parents relate to their children’s internet use. Studies have shown that children nine years and older have increased access to private tablets and smartphones, leading to unsupervised online opportunities. With increased use, parents must take responsibility to protect their children from risks associated with the internet. We have examined; 1

This report describes a part of the product development process for a mechanical adjustment of the head pressure in an extruder at Tetra Pak. The pressure is adjusted by a valve that increases or decreases the pressure by moving a valve stem. In the current solution the valve stem is moved by hand, which will no longer be effective when Tetra Pak streamlines the extruder. The project also includes

This thesis takes as its point of departure Wale Wale Kenya - an NGO located in Kibera, Nairobi that has been created by a group of youths from the Kibera slums. It is unusual in being founded, run and controlled by a group who are beneficiaries of many projects, but seldom owns the NGOs that initiate those projects. Using a case study approach this research investigates the youth’s own percepti

Author: Matilda Månsson Title: The examined woman [translated title] Supervisor: Lupita Svensson Assessor: Janicke Andersson The debate about rape against women has been active in Sweden for many years. For instance there have been some criticisms that only a few women choose to report the crime to the police, and how the woman as a victim is treated during the legal action. The purpose of this e

Cities will contain 70% of global populations by 2050, signalling the need to pursue solution-oriented approaches for sustainability challenges. Urban Living Labs are emerging as solution-based interventions, and share commonalities with efforts of sustainability science to broaden research for societal change alongside various actor sets. Currently there is a recognised lack of dedicated research

I denna kandidatuppsats lyfter vi föräldraförsäkringen, samt de konsekvenser som möjligtvis kan uppstå som följd av en framtida kvotering av denna. Vidare diskuterar vi uttaget av föräldrapenningdagar och vilka faktorer som är med och påverkar uttaget. Utifrån tillgänglig statistik har vi skapat egna tabeller för att belysa de skillnader som finns i statistiken, men som inte illustreras på ett til

State Aid is prohibited according to European Union legislation since it has possible distortive effects on competition. Nevertheless, Member States intervene in the economy and play an important role in the full functioning and development of the economy and society. The European Commission investigates potential State Aid measures by comparing the behaviour of the State with the behaviour of a h

I Sverige förbränns årligen ca 4.5 miljoner ton avfall. Från förbränningen bildas en askrest, som delvis består av så kallad flygaska. I dagsläget används inte denna aska i Sverige, utan läggs på deponi i Norge eller Tyskland, trots att den innehåller värdefulla metaller. Deponering av användbart material kan inte anses som ett hållbart alternativ i en värld med snabbt växande befolkning och ökandFinding sustainable alternatives to the current degrading activities associated with metal mining and production is essential in order to meet increased resource demand and stricter environmental regulations. One option that recently has gained interest is to recover metals from fly ash, which is produced when incinerating municipal solid waste. As of today, metal resources in fly ash are not util

The aim of the study is to show examples of how caregivers in Sweden gives persons with substance abuse good, fair treatment. The author’s hypothesis is that the Swedish drug policy, with its aim to abolish all illegal use of substances, affects the attitude that meet drug users whom seek care and help from the authorities. The already stigmatized and shunned group of drug users become even more m

Solar Assisted Pervaporation (SAP) is a novel technique of preservation that combines the concept of membrane separation and the use of solar energy. The method uses a ‘breathable pouch’ with an active layer of a food-grade hydrophilic membrane. The aim of this study was to understand how different drying temperatures (50oC and 60oC), air exclusion treatment (with and without vacuum) and type of

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to uncover what motivational factors exists for companies to use co-creational methods. It also aims to recognize what beneficial factors can come from using these methods. The restriction of using social media depending on industry or size of company will be reflected upon. The main research question is “What motivates companies to use customer co-creation a

Bakgrund: Varje år utförs sexton biljoner nålrelaterade medicinska åtgärder världen över. Det är vanligt att barn upplever rädsla och smärta vid nämnda procedurer vilket kan leda till att dem undviker sjukvården i framtiden. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien är att undersöka vilka icke-farmakologiska strategier sjuksköterskan kan använda sig av för att lindra oro och smärta hos barn, i åldrarna

Freshwater, obligate aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium Caulobacter crescentus strain CB2 is able to metabolise various types of carbon sources. In this degree project, growth characterization of C.crescentus was made on different substrates including glucose, xylose, and mannose using shake-flask cultivations and bioreactor experiments. Special emphasis was put on the xylose degradation pathway, th