Summary Approximately 10% of the patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have detectable serum levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies (GADA). These patients usually progress to insulin dependency within a few years, and are classified as being latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). A decrease in the frequency of peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cells has been repor

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine whether statin treatment is effective and safe in very elderly (80 years and older) acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. BACKGROUND: Elderly individuals constitute an increasing percentage of patients admitted to hospitals for AMI. Despite that these patients have a higher mortality risk, the application of evidence-based medicine remai

Background Increased cancer risk after psoriasis has been observed in previous studies, whereas little is known about the prognosis in cancer patients with previously diagnosed psoriasis. Objectives We aimed at examining the cancer-specific and overall mortality among psoriatic cancer patients compared with the reference population. Methods The population-based Swedish registers were used to ident

Bile duct obstruction is associated with hepatic accumulation of leukocytes and liver injury. Emerging data suggest that platelets may play an important role in tissue damage and inflammation. Herein, we characterized the platelet response in cholestatic liver injury and evaluated the role of Rho-kinase signaling. For this purpose, C57BL/6 mice were treated with the Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632 (1

The propagation of a pulsed elastic wave in the following geometry is considered. An elastic half-space has a surface layer of a different material and the layer furthermore contains a bounded 3-D inhomogeneity. The exciting source is an explosion, modelled as an isotropic pressure point source with Gaussian behaviour in time. The time-harmonic problem is solved using the null field approach (the

All 28 EU member states except Sweden and the UK apply international reference pricing (IRP), international price comparison, external reference pricing or cross-reference pricing. The attractiveness of using prices of other countries as a benchmark for decisions within a national price control is obvious. Alternative models for price and reimbursement decision making such as value-based pricing (

Violence against women is an increasing global phenomenon. Little is known about violence against foreign-born women, despite a possible increased concentration of risk factors in this group.

In this article we discuss the role of brands in the creation of sustainable markets. We focus on the increasing importance of ethical branding and how it might help to overcome some institutional shortcomings inherent in current market settings. We also discuss the increasing influence of brand communities and the seeming potential for a ‘democratisation’ of brand value and values. Brands are in

The total fluxes of sulphur dioxide from the Italian volcanoes Etna, Stromboli, and Vulcano were studied using optical remote sensing techniques in three shipborne field experiments (1992, 1994, and 1997). The main purpose of the experiments was to compare active (laser) techniques with passive monitoring. Differential absorption lidar (DIAL) measurements were implemented by placing the Swedish mo

We show that an ultraviolet prepulse significantly enhances the water-window x-ray emission and brightness for a droplet-target laser plasma. By combining a 65 mJ, 120 ps, lambda = 532 nm main pulse with an up to 3 mJ prepulse, the emitted x-ray photon flux may be increased more than eight times. The resulting C VI lambda = 3.37 nm line emission is more than 3 x 10(12) photons/sr . pulse, correspo

The hydrological sensitivities to long-term climate change of a watershed in Eastern Canada were analysed using a deterministic watershed runoff model developed to simulate watershed acidification. This model was modified to study atmospheric change effects in the watershed. Water balance modelling techniques, modified for assessing climate effects, were developed and tested for a watershed using

HAMLET is the first member of a new family of tumoricidal protein-lipid complexes that kill cancer cells broadly, while sparing healthy, differentiated cells. Many and diverse tumor cell types are sensitive to the lethal effect, suggesting that HAMLET identifies and activates conserved death pathways in cancer cells. Here, we investigated the molecular basis for the difference in sensitivity betwe

Activation of the beta-receptor for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) by its ligand leads to autophosphorylation on a number of tyrosine residues. Here we show that Tyr763 in the kinase insert region is a novel autophosphorylation site, which after phosphorylation binds the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2. SHP-2 has also previously been shown to bind to phosphorylated Tyr1009 in the PDGF be

Cerebral ischemia remains the key cause of morbidity and mortality after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with a pathogenesis that is still poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to examine the involvement of thromboxane A(2) receptors (TP) in the patophysiology of cerebral ischemia after SAH in cerebral arteries. SAH was induced in rats by injecting 250 microl blood into the prechiasmat

This study investigates the association between political trust (an aspect of institutional trust) in the Riksdag (the national parliament in Sweden) and self-reported psychological health, taking generalized (horizontal) trust in other people into account. The 2004 public health survey in Skåne in Southern Sweden is a cross-sectional postal questionnaire study that was answered by 27,757 responde

Mass, heat and momentum transport processes are strongly coupled with catalytic chemical reactions in a methane steam reforming duct. In this paper, a three-dimensional calculation method is developed to simulate and analyze reforming reactions of methane, and the effects on various transport processes in a steam reforming duct. The results show that the design and operating parameters grouped as

Cystatins are present in mammals, birds, fish, insects, plants, fungi and protozoa and constitute a large protein family, with most members sharing a cysteine protease inhibitory function. In humans 12 functional cystatins exist, forming three groups based on molecular organisation and distribution in the organism. The type 1 cystatins (A and B) are known as intracellular, type 2 cystatins (C, D,