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Satellite imagery is a potent tool for estimating human wealth and poverty, especially in regions lacking reliable data. This study compares a range of poverty estimation approaches from satellite images, spanning from expert-based to fully machine learning-based methodologies. Human experts ranked clusters from the Tanzania DHS survey using high-resolution satellite images. Then expert-defined fe
Marginal zone B cells (MZB cells) are innate like B cells that are predominantly located alongside memory B cells in the microanatomical region of the spleen of humans and mice termed the marginal zone. They circulate in humans but not mice, and in humans can be identified in blood and other lymphoid tissues, including the gut-associated lymphoid tissue, where they, as in spleen, form a zone surro
We aimed to describe the increased rate of Acinetobacter baumannii infections during the COVID-19 pandemic and define its significance within the last five years. This study was performed in a tertiary hospital with 280 beds and included all patients infected with A. baumannii in the intensive care unit between January 1, 2018, and June 30, 2022. A. baumannii-infected patients in the intensive car
PurposeEngagement of non-academic stakeholders is an important element of education for sustainability, but is rarely mentioned in contemporary agricultural education literature. This article investigates the process of engagement of non-academic stakeholders into higher education programs on agriculture. Non-academic stakeholders refer to private firms that are focused on the acquisition of knowl
We introduce a novel approach for energy-efficient scheduling of data-dependent stream programs with packet types on multicore architectures with voltage and frequency scaling. To have the given application meet specific throughput demands while minimizing energy consumption, we enhance the existing crown scheduling by packet-type dependent parameters. Formulation as an integer linear program gene
BACKGROUND: Electrocardiographic abnormalities are common in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and are included in the 2010 Task Force Criteria. Their time course, however, remains uncertain. In this retrospective observational study, we aimed to assess the long-term evolution of electrocardiographic characteristics and their relation to ventricular arrhythmias. METHODS AND RESULTS:
The anisotropic optical absorption edge of β-Ga2O3 follows a modified Beer-Lambert law having two effective absorption coefficients. The absorption coefficient of linearly polarized light reduces to the least absorbing direction beyond a critical penetration depth, which itself depends on polarization and wavelength. To understand this behavior, a Stokes vector analysis is performed to track the p
There are limited molecular data and few biomarkers available for studies of field-grown plants, especially for plants grown during extremely long days. In this study we present quantitative proteomics data from 3 years of field trials on potato, conducted in northern and southern Sweden and analyze over 3000 proteins per year of the study and complement the proteomic analysis with metabolomic and
District heating (DH) is an efficient urban heating solution. Numerous external factors (energy efficiency, fuel-price increases, heat -pump competition and policy changes) are challenging. It is relevant to explore long-term cost-competitiveness of DH. A model has been developed testing three, future DH pathways: (i) phase out of biomass (aligned to the cascading principle of the EU Taxonomy), (i
With incredible speed Large Language Models (LLMs) are reshaping many aspects of society. This has been met with unease by the public, and public discourse is rife with questions about whether LLMs are or might be conscious. Because there is widespread disagreement about consciousness among scientists, any concrete answers that could be offered the public would be contentious. This paper offers th
In recent years, more sophisticated DNA technologies for genotyping have enabled considerable progress in various fields such as clinical genetics, archaeogenetics and forensic genetics. DNA samples previously rejected as too challenging to analyze due to low amounts of degraded DNA can now provide useful information. To increase the chances of success with the new methodologies, it is crucial to
Using Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (APXPS), this study investigates the reduction behavior of iron oxides in direct reduction (DRI) and blast furnace (BF) pellets. H2, CO, and a H2–CO mixture are used as reducing agents at 650 °C. The investigation aimed to elucidate variations in the rate of reduction over time and under different conditions. Additionally, contour plots are g
Chiral state transfer along closed loops in the vicinity of an exceptional point is one of the many counterintuitive observations in non-Hermitian physics. The application of this property beyond proof-of-principle in quantum physics, is an open question. In this work, we demonstrate chiral state conversion between singlet and triplet Bell states through fully quantum Liouvillian dynamics. Crucial
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability, yet the cellular response to the ischemic insult is poorly understood limiting therapeutic options. Brain pericytes are crucial for maintaining blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and are known to be one of the first responders to ischemic stroke. The exact timeline of cellular events after stroke, however, remains elusive. Using the per
BACKGROUND: Colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging problem that limits antimicrobial therapy options.MATERIALS & METHODS: We isolated two pairs of colistin susceptible and colistin-resistant A. baumannii (K1007/K1006 and K408/K409) from two patients diagnosed with carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii infection. Colistin susceptible isolates were exposed to in vitro colistin
BACKGROUND: In the era of rising carbapenem resistance, we aimed to investigate the change in mortality rate and positivity of carbapenemase genes in Acinetobacter baumannii.METHODS: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) guidelines were adopted in this systematic review. Our literature search included the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, Tubitak TR Dizi
Objective To investigate whether patients with hard-to-heal ulcers in Sweden were treated according to an aetiological diagnosis and to explore ulcer healing, treatment time, ulcer-related pain and the prescription of analgesics and antibiotics. Design A national mapping of data from the patients’ medical records, between April 2021 and March 2023. Setting Data from medical records for patients wi
This research introduces a novel Energy Management approach, named CIRLEM, aiming to enhance the smartness of buildings by focusing on technical systems operations, environmental variations, and occupants' needs. Deployed in a simulated environment using Building Performance Simulation and Python integration, the study evaluates CIRLEM's performance under future extreme cold weather scenarios, emp
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) continues to be the primary cause of vision loss in poorly controlled diabetic subjects. The molecular mechanisms underlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell dysfunction in DR still remain elusive. We investigated the role of mitochondrial volt-age-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) in RPE dysfunction under glucotoxic and inflammatory conditions. Our results demonstra
