The Protection of Asylum-Seekers through the Prohibition of Collective Expulsion under the European Con-vention on Human Rights
Mass migrations are a phenomenon of all times. Notably, following the Second World War, there have been huge migration movements and decolonisation processes, particularly by the Germans and the Jews, but also by Roma and other groups. Parallel to that, in 1963, Protocol No. 4 to the Convention was signed, with Article 4 prohibiting the collective expulsion of aliens. In 2020, 3,6% of the populati