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Neuroblastoma is a childhood malignancy of the sympathetic nervous system and accounts for 15% of all cancer-related deaths in children. To understand the biology behind neuroblastoma, clarify timing of cellular events and expression profiles of proteins preceding neuroblastoma initiation, we need more relevant preclinical models.In the first part of this thesis, we established two preclinical in
Across today’s developed world, there is a clear mortality gradient by socioeconomic status at all ages. It is often taken for granted that this gradient was as strong, or even stronger, in the past, when social transfers were rudimentary and health-care systems less developed. While some studies based on cross-sectional data support this view, others based on longitudinal data find that this was Across today’s developed world, there is a clear mortality gradient by socioeconomic status for all ages. It is often taken for granted that this gradient was as strong—or even stronger—in the past when social transfers were rudimentary and health care systems were less developed. Some studies based on cross-sectional data have supported this view, but others based on longitudinal data found that
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare and highly aggressive thyroid malignancy, usually resistant to conventional therapeutic strategies. The prognosis of ATC is extremely poor with a median survival rate of 6 months. Current treatment therapy includes surgical resection in combination with external radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The underlying mechanisms involved in ATC tumorigenesis is under
The incidence of narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) increased in Sweden following the 2009-2010 mass-vaccination with the influenza Pandemrix-vaccine. NT1 has been associated with Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQB1*06:02 but full high-resolution HLA-typing of all loci in vaccine-induced NT1 remains to be done. Therefore, here we performed HLA typing by sequencing HLA-DRB3, DRB4, DRB5, DRB1, DQA1, DQB1, DPA1
Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of a 3-minutes protocol for assessment of the microscopic anisotropy and tissue heterogeneity based on tensor-valued diffusion MRI in a wide range of intracranial tumors. Methods: B-tensor encoding was performed in 42 patients with intracranial tumors (gliomas, meningiomas, adenomas, and metastases). Microscopic anisotropy and tissue heterogeneity were evaluate
Small clusters of spherical colloids that mimic real molecules, so-called colloidal molecules, hold great promise as building blocks in bottom-up routes to new materials. However, their typical hard sphere nature has hampered their assembly into ordered structures, largely due to a lack of control in the interparticle interactions. To provide easy external control of the interactions, the present
Depression is a disabling condition, causing suffering worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to review studies that have used Intensive Longitudinal Data (ILD) in research on depression treatment. Intensive longitudinal data in the form of daily diaries, experience sampling method (ESM), and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) are increasingly used in psychotherapy research to gather individua
Laser Doppler velocimetry estimates tissue perfusion providing a record of microvascular blood flow. Patients with heart disease or diabetes mellitus have impaired microvascular perfusion leading to impaired wound healing. Aged garlic extract (AGE) has a positive effect on vascular elasticity. This study aimed to assess the effect of long-term treatment with AGE on cutaneous tissue perfusion. A to
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate what treatment methods physiotherapists in Sweden use for infants 0–24 months hospitalised with acute breathing difficulties due to lower respiratory tract infections. Material and methods: We constructed an anonymous digital survey for paediatric physiotherapists in Sweden. It was distributed by e-mail and was posted on professional websites.
Monoclonal antibodies ofatumumab (anti-CD20) and alemtuzumab (anti-CD52) which are approved for usage in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), efficiently activate the classical complement pathway. However complement is an exhaustible component and high doses of its activators may deplete complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) potential, thus reducing the effect of repeated mAb dosing
We have prepared electrodes for photo-electro-chemical cells which have enabled to pre-charge colloidal quantum dots in well-controlled fashion. Femtosecond transient absorption measurements were carried out revealing clear speed-up of the photo-induced charge carrier dynamics, particularly the recombination. Such studies allow to understand the behavior of light harvesting materials in operationa
Purpose: To analyse characteristics from the SMR to explore the risk factors for visual acuity (VA) below ≤ 35 letters of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) due to nAMD during a two-year follow-up. Methods: This study evaluates 6142 treatment-naïve eyes, with focus on a subgroup of 780 eyes with final VA outcome of ≤ 35 letters, regarding differences of baseline characteristics
We study wave–current interactions in two-dimensional water flows with constant vorticity over a flat bed. We establish decay rates for the velocity beneath spatially periodic surface waves without any restrictions on the wave amplitude. The approach relies on complex function theory and overcomes the intricacies inherent to nonlinear flow patterns by taking advantage of specific structural proper
Aim: Premature birth is a worldwide problem and increases the risk of chronic disease later in life. Prematurely born infants may have a high percentage of body fat at term-equivalent age, but it is unclear if this characteristic is maintained in childhood. Therefore, we compared the size and body composition of four-year-old prematurely born children to such values of full-term controls. Methods:
The higher-level systematics of featherwing beetles (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae), the smallest non-parasitic insects and abundant in the world's forests, is poorly known. Based on larval morphology, the systematic relationships and internal classification are revised and analysed from a comparative, evolutionary and phylogenetic perspective. We introduce 37 morphological characters of all instars and o
