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Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most common and deadliest form of blood cancer in adults, accounting for over 80% of acute leukemic diagnoses. Despite the introduction of new targeted therapies, survival rate remains low in adults, and new therapeutic approaches are needed. In a previous CRISPR screen performed by the Järås group, CALRETICULIN was identified as a regulator of human leuc
Am I selfish? - Toxin edition Many bacteria encode for toxin-antitoxin (TA) pairs. The toxin is a stable protein that targets essential bacterial components. The antitoxin is an easily-degraded antidote that protects cells from poisoning themselves. If cells lose the TA genes, they cannot produce more of either toxin or antitoxin. The unstable antitoxin is degraded fast, and the stable toxin is n
Genetic HINT to a gender reveal Reproduction is an essential process in order to ensure the survival and propagation of the species. Many processes of sexual and asexual reproduction are seen in nature. The sex of the progeny constitutes an essential factor in reaping the maximum benefits associated with the individual. In fields like poultry and dairy, knowledge on the sex-determination method c
Isolation of mycobacteriophages for tuberculosis treatment Tuberculosis (TB) is the second deadliest infectious disease after Covid-19. Due to the recent rise in antibiotic resistance, new avenues for TB treatment need to be explored. Bacteriophages are viruses that can infect bacteria and kill them. Mycobacteriophages consist of a phage head containing dsDNA and tail fibres that are used to atta
Alg som alg - eller? Grönalger är en mångfaldig grupp av primärproducenter som utgör bottennivån av de ekosystem som de är en del av. Dessa organismer binder kol med hjälp av solens energi - djurplankton äter upp grönalgerna - små fiskar äter djurplankton, och så vidare. Skulle något påverka populationen av grönalger riskerar denna påverkan att skapa en kaskadeffekt som påverkar varje steg i närThe unicellular green alga of genus Chlamydomonas are well studied within the fields of photosynthesis and flagellar research. Although many molecular tools have been developed for use on Chlamydomonas, little research has been done on its ecology and population dynamics. Species within the genus are morphologically indistinguishable using light microscopy and as such a molecular method is necessa
Neuroblastoma is pediatric cancer of the sympathetic nervous system which originates from the trunk neural crest cell population during embryonic development. Clinical representation of neuroblastoma ranges from a spontaneous regression to metastatic disease with only about 50% survival rate. Molecular events which turn normal development of sympathetic nervous system to tumorigenic has not been f
En bit i bröstcancerns mystiska mikromiljöpussel En stor del av cancerforskning fokuserar på att klargöra hur tumörers mikromiljö påverkar cancerns tillväxt och behandling av den. Cancer har kallats ”ett sår som aldrig läker”. I cancer finns en stor mängd av en specialiserad celltyp av fibroblaster som är central i just sårläkning. Vi har hittat två sådana fibroblaster i bröstcancer och visat att
Generation of cell model using stem cells and genome engineering to study lysosomal storage disorders Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a group of approximately 70 diseases and many cause childhood neurodegeneration. There is no treatment for neurological symptoms of LSDs due the complexity of nervous system and lack of accurate study models. Stem cells are a promising tool to be used for st
Inducing iron-dependent death to treat high-risk childhood cancer Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common pediatric extracranial solid tumor and one of the deadliest, accounting for 15% of pediatric cancer deaths. In Europe there are 10.5 cases per million, with the median age at diagnosis being 17 months. In some cases, tumors regress spontaneously but in others they relapse and become resistant t
Immunotherapy utilizes the patient’s own immune system for the treatment of cancer. Due to exceptional antigen-presentation capacity Dendritic Cells (DCs) have great potential for cancer immunotherapy. Using direct cellular reprogramming our group has identified a combination of transcription factors, PU.1, IRF8, and BATF3 that reprograms mouse and human fibroblasts and a range of cancer cell line
Bakgrund: Det är vanligt att barn upplever rädsla i samband med besök i hälso- och sjukvården och vid medicinska procedurer. Upp till 45% av barn i åldern 4–6 år känner svår ångest under vaccinering vilket belyser deras oro av nålar och vården. Erfarenheter i form av rädsla, smärta och oro i och vid sjukvårdsbesök kan ha långsiktiga konsekvenser för barnet och i vissa fall kan det leda till nålfob
Sedan befolkningsökningen under 1800–1900 talet har en stor areal av de svenska våtmarkerna torrlagts i syfte att öka jordbruksarealerna och matproduktionen. Våtmarkerna av intresse för denna studie innehåller en stor andel organiskt material i form av torv och gyttja och benämns som organogena jordar. Sverige är ett av världens mest torvtäta länder och Skåne län erhåller en stor andel av dessa maSince a large growth in population occurred during the 1800-1900 centuries in Sweden, an expansion of agricultural land became a necessity. The government provided farmers with an allowance to exploit wetlands. A large portion of wetlands has since then been lost and used for cultivation, in particular peat lands. The drainage of peat lands results in a loss in biodiversity, poorer water condition
Democracy is a broad and complicated concept with numerous interpretations. To determine people's actual desire for democracy, we must first understand the concept they have in mind. By conducting qualitative interviews with open-ended questions, this study aims to study the in-depth meanings behind the concept of democracy among the young people in Kazakhstan. This study uses an interpretive
Acoustophoresis is a cell separation technology where particles or cells are suspended in a fluid container and subject to acoustic standing waves. The standing waves exerts an acoustic radiation force on the particles, pushing them towards the nodal plane. This movement is called migration, and the migration velocity depends on the acoustic mobility of the particle, which depend on the particle s
Vilka utvecklingsmöjligheter har Region Kalmar läns arbete med substitution? Att ta bort eller byta ut farliga kemikalier mot något annat alternativ som är mindre skadligt för miljön och hälsa brukar benämnas som substitution. Människor kommer idag i kontakt med farliga kemikalier på flera olika sätt, till exempel genom vissa plaster och elektronik eller på arbetsplatser där farliga kemikalier hanChemicals are becoming more and more important and almost essential for human life. Therefore, the human exposure of hazardous chemicals has increased substantially. Alternative assessment (AA) is a method used for substitution of hazardous chemicals and requirements for substitution are included in European health and safety legislation. As part of Region Kalmar läns environmental and sustainabil
The aim of this project is to design a solution to a payment system for people that have a diagnosis of intellectual disorder. This target group has problems with today’s payment system because it becomes successively more digital. With the digital solutions will the target group be excluded. I have been thinking of the question “What would happen if cash was removed as a payment system?”. I have
A modularly interactive CRISPR system Climate change and the growing human population already pose severe challenges for food security and agricultural businesses around the globe. One key component on a way to a more sustainable agriculture that has the ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions could be the newly arisen genome editing. A form of ge- netic engineering that allows for
In addition to its complex structure, the cerebral cortex has multiple functions exclusive to humans. Unfortunately, it also plays a crucial role in multiple neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Although we know very little about human-specific gene regulatory mechanisms during brain development, non-coding RNAs are evolutionarily non-conserved, evolve faster, and are highly expressed in
Icke-skadliga virusinfektioner i grönalger På cellnivå är den klassiska virusinfektionen en rättfram process: En värdcell infekteras. Virusets gener tar över och styr värdcellens maskineri för bland annat transkription (DNA-kopiering) och translation (proteinproduktion), därmed tvingas värdcellen producera nya virioner (viruspartiklar). När tillräckligt många virioner tillverkats så aktiveras andThe common way in which algal virus-host systems are discovered is when an algal culture collapses due to the virus-induced lysis. Therefore, the presence of a viral infection in a seemingly healthy culture of Chlamydomonas sp. is an oddity. This study describes such an infection in an algal sample from Örsjön, a lake in southern Sweden, sustained in culture for over six years with no observed adv
