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The far-infrared (FIR) fine structure lines [C II]158 μm, [O III]88 μm, [N II]122 μm, and [N III]57 μm are excellent tools for probing the physical conditions of the interstellar medium (ISM). The [O III]88 μm/[C II]158 μm and [O III]88 μm/[N II]122 μm luminosity ratios have shown to be promising tracers of the ionisation state and gas-phase metallicity of the ISM. Observations of galaxies at reds
Elevated air temperature and atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD) are key drivers of plant physiological and ecological processes. However, their relative impacts on vegetation productivity remain difficult to isolate due to the strong coupling between them. This coupling complicates efforts to disentangle independent effects, particularly under compound drought conditions at regional or globa
Background General adiposity, assessed by body mass index (BMI), is a well-established cancer risk factor. This study compared waist circumference (WC), a measure of abdominal adiposity, with BMI as a risk factor for obesity-related cancers, and assessed whether WC provides additional information beyond BMI. Methods We analyzed data from 339 190 individuals in a pooled Swedish cohort with baseline
Changes in temperature and rainfall associated with altered climatic conditions are likely to significantly alter rates of soil organic matter decomposition. To determine how the combined effects of warming and drought impact the decomposition of fungal necromass, a large and fast-cycling portion of the global soil organic carbon (C) pool, we incubated Hyaloscypha bicolor necromass under both ambi
Generative AI with spectroscopy is an innovative approach that combines artificial intelligence techniques with spectroscopic analysis, enabling researchers to extract valuable insights from complex spectral data more efficiently and accurately. AI can create high-precision synthetic spectra, enhance signal-to-noise ratios, and support spectral reconstruction by employing deep learning techniques
For several decades, it was widely believed that a noninteracting disordered electronic system could only undergo an Anderson metal–insulator transition due to Anderson localization. However, numerous recent theoretical works have predicted the existence of a disorder-driven non-Anderson phase transition that differs from Anderson localization. The frustration lies in the fact that this non-Anders
The advent of AlphaFold and consumer large language models have elicited unprecedented development of artificial intelligence (AI). AI has had substantial impact in every area of research, including in molecular biology. This is principally in thanks to contributions to the Protein Data Bank and various genome sequence databases, providing an astronomical amount of data for model training. These d
In Acoustofluidics, sound pressure waves can cause a force field on the liquid in a microfluidic channel. The forces depend on density and compressibility of the medium as well as the pressure and velocity amplitude of the sound. The forces lead to a steady flow in the bulk of the fluid, namely acoustic streaming. If a localized change in temperature introduces a gradient in compressibility and de
Ethylcellulose thickened oil (EC oleogels) has a significant retarding effect on lipolysis and may be used for controlled-release formulations. However, the high temperature (above 150 °C) used during the gel-forming process becomes an obvious limitation that hinders the application of EC oleogels to temperature-sensitive active ingredients. A cold-mixing procedure that could allow for an encapsul
Science diplomacy is a unique research field that is driven and shaped by scholars and practitioners alike. This study examines whether and how recent trends in the broader science diplomacy discourse have impacted scholarship on the topic. First, it examines whether the pertinent scholarship is as international in outlook as practitioners have made science diplomacy out to be. Second, the study i
Previous research shows that welfare cuts often cause distress amongst frontline workers. From the perspective of organisations implementing cuts, distressed caseworkers may hinder cost reductions and delay implementation. However, previous research has not analysed whether public agencies seek to reduce the moral distress experienced by their employees. This article examines the reorganisation of
The androgen receptor (AR) is a critical driver of prostate cancer (PCa). Here, to study regulators of AR protein levels and oncogenic activity, we developed a live-cell quantitative endogenous AR fluorescent reporter. Leveraging this AR reporter, we performed genome-scale CRISPRi flow cytometry sorting screens to systematically identify genes that modulate AR protein levels. We identified and val
Optical sensor technologies are central to the advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems and smart systems. Among these, photodetectors—a key subset of optical sensors—find extensive applications in areas such as smart sensing, home automation, autonomous vehicles, wearable electronics, and AI-driven platforms. The demand for highly sensitive, cost-effective, flexible, and lightweight pho
The digital healthcare market has been growing rapidly due to the swift development of wearable devices. One notable advancement is the application of digital healthcare technology to vehicles, which is expected to provide a comfortable driving environment and prevent accidents. This study proposed user experience (UX) scenarios to apply and expand digital healthcare technology in vehicles, detail
