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Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) produce a large number of alternatively spliced mRNAs, including a number of differently spliced mRNAs with the potential to produce E2 protein. To identify the alternatively spliced HPV16 mRNA with the highest ability to produce E2 protein, we have generated E2 cDNA expression plasmids representing the most common, alternatively spliced E2 mRNAs, and assessed their t
Physiologically-based toxicokinetic (PBTK) models are important tools for in vitro to in vivo or inter-species extrapolations in health risk assessment of foodborne and non-foodborne chemicals. Here we present a generic PBTK model implemented in the EuroMix toolbox, MCRA 9 and predict internal kinetics of nine chemicals (three endocrine disrupters, three liver steatosis inducers, and three develop
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Knowledge of predictive factors can foster the development of preventive approaches. This study examined how prevalence and severity of fall-related activity avoidance evolve over a 3-year period in people with Parkinson disease (PD). A specific aim was to identify predictive factors of fall-related activity avoidance (ie, modified Survey of Activities and Fear of Falling i
The article examines the innovation-job quality-employment nexus in social and health care in the United Kingdom and Sweden, respectively. Through seven case studies carried out with a common methodological and analytical framework in the two countries, it shows how the constraining factors of fiscal strictures derived from budgetary regimes and chronic labor shortages have two key consequences foThe article examines the innovation-job quality-employment nexus in social and health care in the United Kingdom and Sweden, respectively. Through seven case studies carried out with a common methodological and analytical framework in the two countries, it shows how the constraining factors of fiscal strictures derived from budgetary regimes and chronic labor shortages have two key consequences fo
The standard approach to the evaluation of tremor in medical practice is subjective scoring. The objective of this study was to show that signal processing of physiological data, that are known to be altered by tremor in Parkinson's disease (PD), can quantify the postural dynamics and the effects of DBS. We measured postural control and its capacity to adapt to balance perturbations with a force p
Background Rectal bleeding is considered an alarm symptom for colorectal cancer (CRC) but it is common and mostly caused by benign conditions. Qualitative faecal immunochemical tests (FITs) for occult blood have been used as diagnostic aids for many years in Sweden when CRC is suspected. The study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of FITs requested by primary care physicians for patients with and w
Background Differentiating between pneumonia and acute bronchitis is often difficult in primary care. There is no consensus regarding clinical decision rules for pneumonia, and guidelines differ between countries. Use of diagnostic tests and change of management over time is not known. Aim To calculate the proportion of diagnostic tests in the management of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI
Mitochondria are key components of eukaryotic cells, so their proper functioning is monitored via different mitochondrial signalling responses. One of these mitochondria-to-nuclear ‘retrograde’ responses to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis is the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), which can be activated by a variety of defects including blocking mitochondrial translation, respirati
Plant mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is characterised by alternative electron transport pathways with different energetic efficiencies, allowing turnover of cellular redox compounds like NAD(P)H. These electron transport chain pathways are profoundly affected by soil nitrogen availability, most commonly as oxidized nitrate (NO3 −) and/or reduced ammonium (NH4 +). The bioenergetic strategi
This article describes the development and deployment of Physics Toolbox Play, a gamified component of the Android Physics Toolbox Sensor Suite app, that can introduce young children through adults to fundamental physics principles. The app was used successfully in a variety of contexts, including STEM fairs with primary and secondary students and workshops with undergraduate physics majors and pr
Our understanding of the rises of animal and cancer multicellularity face the same conceptual hurdles: what makes the clade originate and what makes it diversify. Between the events of origination and diversification lies complex tissue organization that gave rise to novel functionality for organisms and, unfortunately, for malignant transformation in cells. Tissue specialization with distinctly s
Heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of gas-liquid Taylor flows in a mini tube with 1 mm inner tube diameter were investigated numerically using a moving frame of reference method. A CuO/water nanofluid was used as the continuous phase, while nitrogen was adopted as the dispersed phase. The inlet Reynolds number ranged from 250 to 600, and the volume concentration of the CuO particles w
More patients are surviving cardiac arrest than ever before; however, the burden now lies with estimating neurological prognoses in a large number of patients who were initially comatose, in whom the ultimate outcome is unclear. Neurologists, neurointensivists, and clinical neurophysiologists must accurately balance the concern that overly conservative prognostication could leave patients in a sev
BACKGROUND: The overall incidence of colorectal carcinoma is declining in Western populations; however, single country series demonstrate an increase in young-onset (<50 years) colorectal carcinoma. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the pattern of increasing incidence of young-onset colorectal carcinoma is consistent across 3 Western populations. DESIGN: This is a popul
The functional trait framework provides a powerful corpus of integrated concepts and theories to assess how environmental factors influence ecosystem functioning through community assembly. While common in plant ecology, this approach is under-used in microbial ecology. After an introduction of this framework in the context of microbial ecology and enzymology, we propose an approach 1) to elucidat
Sustainability transitions are commonly considered impossible without regime change. Theoretical work on regime change has mainly focused on niches and landscapes and less on change ‘from within’. Empirical analysis helps theorising endogenous regime change. Conceptualising regimes as semi-coherent entities composed of multiple ‘institutional logics’, we analyse the endogenous regime change in Dut
Today, every new building is constructed with the ambition of it having a very low energy demand or even being completely neutral with regard to supply and demand over a year. In modern low energy or nearly zero energy residential buildings like these, the behaviour of the occupants becomes increasingly more significant in terms of the energy performance of the building. Occupants who are present
CONTEXT: Whether multisystem morbidity in Cushing's disease (CD) remains elevated during long-term remission is still undetermined. OBJECTIVE: To investigate comorbidities in patients with CD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: A retrospective, nationwide study of patients with CD identified in the Swedish National Patient Register between 1987 and 2013. Individual medical records were reviewed to ver
