Background: Emergency Department (ED) crowding occurs when demand for care exceeds the available resources. Crowding has been associated with decreased quality of care and increased mortality, but the prevalence on a national level is unknown in most countries. Method: We performed a national, cross-sectional study on staffing levels, staff workload, occupancy rate and patients waiting for an in-h

Background: Inferior placement of a femoral stem is predictive for early loosening and failure, but does restoration of the original hip anatomy benefit the function and survival of a total hip replacement? Methods: Seventy-five patients with primary unilateral hip osteoarthritis operated with an uncemented anatomical stem were randomized for either standard or modular stems. We used 50 ABG II ste

Open Source receives high attention among organizations today, and there is also a growing interest on Open Source Enterprise Resource Planning (OS ERP) systems. Open source development is often considered having a high level of involvement from stakeholders in adopting organizations. However, it depends on for the first what is meant by stakeholders, but also what is meant by involvement. In the

We study the formation rate of binary black hole mergers formed through gravitational-wave emission between unbound, single black holes in globular clusters. While the formation of these binaries in very dense systems such as galactic nuclei has been well studied, we show here that this process can operate in lower-density stellar systems as well, forming binaries at a rate similar to other propos

DNA methylation changes during aging, but it remains unclear whether the effect of DNA methylation on lung cancer survival varies with age. Such an effect could decrease prediction accuracy and treatment efficacy. We performed a methylation-age interaction analysis using 1,230 early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients from five cohorts. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate lung

When subjecting cast irons to mechanical loading the deformation and damage mechanisms occur on a microstructural level and are dependent on the inherent microstructure. A deeper understanding of the relation between the different microstructural constituents and the macroscopic mechanical behaviour would be beneficial in material development efforts and for the ability to design and cast componen

While largely studied in the macroscopic scale, the dynamics leading to the nucleation and fission of atmospheric aerosols are very poorly understood at the nano or molecular scale. A model system consisting on ionized hydrogen-bonded ammonia and water molecules have been studied experimentally using mass- and 3D momentum spectroscopy and theoretically using ab initio molecular dynamics simulation

Marriage with the prospect of migration may lead to new patterns of union formation in globalized marriage markets. Annika Elwert looks at characteristics and marriage patterns of majority natives who are in unions with immigrants who either lived in the country before union formation or migrated around the time of marriage, and gives insights about majority natives’ openness towards different imm

Lignin is an abundant cell wall component, and it has been used mainly for generating steam and electricity. Nevertheless, lignin valorization, i.e. the conversion of lignin into high value-added fuels, chemicals, or materials, is crucial for the full implementation of cost-effective lignocellulosic biorefineries. From this perspective, rapid screening methods are crucial for time- and resource-ef

Science originates knowledge and downstream innovation. “Big” science is likely to, along the line, give rise to “big” innovation. Large research infrastructures are characterized by containing a large number of partners involved in complex networks of internal and external collaborations. This chapter explores how large research infrastructures (broadly defined) manage internally and externally t

Objectives: Patients with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can present with gastrointestinal symptoms as their initial symptoms or as the main manifestations during disease progression, but the clinical characteristics of these patients are still unknown. Methods: We identified COVID-19 patients who admitted to Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital and presented with gastrointestinal symptoms

The gut is an efficient barrier which protects against the passage of pathogenic microorganisms and potential harmful macromolecules into the body, in addition to its primary function of nutrient digestion and absorption. Contrary to the restricted macromolecular passage in adulthood, enhanced transfer takes place across the intestines during early life, due to the high endocytic capacity of the i

Even though insects have comparably small brains, they achieve astoundingly complex behaviors. One example is flying moths tracking minute amounts of pheromones using olfactory circuits. The tracking distance can be up to 1 km, which makes it essential that male moths respond efficiently and reliably to very few pheromone molecules. The male-specific macroglomerular complex (MGC) in the moth anten

The prevalence of hadronic jets at the LHC requires that a deep understanding of jet formation and structure is achieved in order to reach the highest levels of experimental and theoretical precision. There have been many measurements of jet substructure at the LHC and previous colliders, but the targeted observables mix physical effects from various origins. Based on a recent proposal to factoriz

Background: Measurements of lower limb (LL) volume and local tissue water by tissue dielectric constant (TDC) are common in lymphedema management. Knowledge of normal variability in health subjects is important and can serve as a base for early lymphedema diagnosis but is currently lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate test-retest reliability of LL volume and TDC values in healthy women a

Vitamin D and its analogues are fat-soluble vitamins that carry out important functions in human and animal organisms. Many studies have pointed out the relationship between the deficiency of these substances and the development of both skeletal-and extra-skeletal diseases. Although vitamin D is fundamentally derived from the bio-transformation of its precursor, 7-dehydrocholesterol, through the a

We study the Ginzburg–Landau model in the frame of non-homogeneous magnetic permeabilities and non-homogeneous applied magnetic fields. We establish a continuity result with respect to the applied magnetic field and the magnetic permeability coefficient, thereby motivating the consideration of a discontinuous magnetic field/permeability within the sample. We then study the model in the regime of a

Renewable diesel fuels have the potential to reduce net CO2 emissions, and simultaneously decrease particulate matter (PM) emissions. This study characterized engine-out PM emissions and PM-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation potential. Emissions from a modern heavy-duty diesel engine without external aftertreatment devices, and fueled with petroleum diesel, hydrotreated vegetable oil