Perceptions of small to medium ports in norther Europe on the impact of security initiatives
In the aftermath of the terror attacks on New York in September 2001 several iniativies are set up to protect global supply chains from larger disruptions by antagonistic threats such as terrorism or piracy. Many security initiatives such as the International Ship and Port Security (ISPS) code, the Container Security Initiative (CSI) or the Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) are targeting the mari