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An adaptive alignment algorithm for quality-controlled label-free LC-MS.

Label-free quantification using precursor-based intensities is a versatile workflow for large-scale proteomics studies. The method requires extensive computational analysis and is therefore in need of robust quality control during the data mining stage. We present a new label-free data analysis workflow integrated into a multi-user software platform. A novel adaptive alignment algorithm has been d

Individual patient risk stratification of high-risk neuroblastomas using a two-gene score suited for clinical use.

Several gene expression-based prognostic signatures have been described in neuroblastoma, but none have successfully been applied in the clinic. Here we have developed a clinically applicable prognostic gene signature, both with regards to number of genes and analysis platform. Importantly, it does not require comparison between patients and is applicable amongst high-risk patients. The signature

Multiple Anticancer Effects of Damsin and Coronopilin Isolated from Ambrosia arborescens on Cell Cultures.

Terpenoids in plants are important sources for drug discovery. In this study, we extracted damsin and coronopilin, two sesquiterpene lactones, from Ambrosia arborescens and examined their anticancer effects on cell cultures. Damsin and coronopilin inhibited cell proliferation, DNA biosynthesis and formation of cytoplasmic DNA histone complexes in Caco-2 cells, with damsin being more potent than co

Cystatin C Levels are Positively Correlated with both A beta(42) and Tau Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Persons with Alzheimer's Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Healthy Controls

Cystatin C is suggested to be involved in neurodegeneration and the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by binding to soluble amyloid-beta (A beta) peptides. Studies of cystatin C levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in relation to risk of AD are conflicting and relations between cystatin C, A beta(42), and tau levels in CSF in AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy controls are unkno

Development of mass transport resistance in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) films and particles - A mechanistic study.

Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) is the most frequently used biodegradable polymer in the controlled release of an encapsulated drug. The purpose of this work was to explain the surprisingly slow diffusion through this polymer, and locate the major source of mass transport resistance. Diffusion of human growth hormone (hGH) and glucose through PLG films was undetectable (using a diffusion cell

Exploration of the active site of β4GalT7: modifications of the aglycon of aromatic xylosides.

Proteoglycans (PGs) are macromolecules that consist of long linear polysaccharides, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains, covalently attached to a core protein by the carbohydrate xylose. The biosynthesis of GAG chains is initiated by xylosylation of the core protein followed by galactosylation by the galactosyltransferase β4GalT7. Some β-d-xylosides, such as 2-naphthyl β-d-xylopyranoside, can induce GA

Menstrual and Reproductive Factors, Exogenous Hormone Use, and Gastric Cancer Risk in a Cohort of Women From the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition

The worldwide incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma (GC) is lower in women than in men. Furthermore, cancer patients treated with estrogens have been reported to have a lower subsequent risk of GC. The authors conducted a prospective analysis of menstrual and reproductive factors, exogenous hormone use, and GC in 335,216 women from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition, a

Landowners' incentives for constructing wetlands in an agricultural area in south Sweden

Eutrophication of the Baltic Sea has in Sweden led to the initiation of government schemes aiming to increase wetland areas in agricultural regions and thereby reduce nutrient transport to the sea. Landowners play a significant role as providers of this ecosystem service and are currently offered subsidies to cover their costs for constructing and maintaining wetlands. We undertook a grounded theo

Prostate-Cancer Mortality at 11 Years of Follow-up

Background Several trials evaluating the effect of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing on prostate-cancer mortality have shown conflicting results. We updated prostate-cancer mortality in the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer with 2 additional years of follow-up. Methods The study involved 182,160 men between the ages of 50 and 74 years at entry, with a predefined core

Growth parameter design for homogeneous material composition in ternary GaxIn1-xP nanowires.

Ternary nanowires (NWs) often exhibit varying material composition along the NW growth axis because of different diffusion properties of the precursor molecules. This constitutes a problem for optoelectronic devices for which a homogeneous material composition is most often of importance. Especially, ternary GaInP NWs grown under a constant Ga-In precursor ratio typically show inhomogeneous materi

Demographic and clinical data in acquired hemophilia a: results from the european acquired haemophilia (each2) registry.

Background: Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies against coagulation factor VIII and characterized by spontaneous hemorrhage in patients with no previous family or personal history of bleeding. Although data on several AHA cohorts have been collected, limited information is available on the optimal management of AHA. Objectives: The European Acquired He

Evaluating Force Fields for the Computational Prediction of Ionized Arginine and Lysine Side-Chains Partitioning into Lipid Bilayers and Octanol

Abundant peptides and proteins containing arginine (Arg) and lysine (Lys) amino acids can apparently permeate cell membranes with ease. However, the mechanisms by which these peptides and proteins succeed in traversing the free energy barrier imposed by cell membranes remain largely unestablished. Precise thermodynamic studies (both theoretical and experimental) on the interactions of Arg and Lys

Reductive openings of benzylidene acetals revisited: a mechanistic scheme for regio- and stereoselectivity.

Despite the importance of regioselective reductive openings of cyclic acetals, mechanistic details are scarce. In this study 4,6-O-benzylidene acetals were used as model compounds for deciphering the mechanism of regioselective openings using a variety of reducing agents. Competitive isotopic studies aiming at primary and secondary isotope effects, as well as an electron-deficient substrate, were

The leaf-level emission factor of volatile isoprenoids: caveats, model algorithms, response shapes and scaling

In models of plant volatile isoprenoid emissions, the instantaneous compound emission rate typically scales with the plant's emission potential under specified environmental conditions, also called as the emission factor, ES. In the most widely employed plant isoprenoid emission models, the algorithms developed by Guenther and colleagues (1991, 1993), instantaneous variation of the steady-state em

Randomised controlled trial for emphysema with a selective agonist of the gamma-type retinoic acid receptor

Palovarotene is an oral gamma-selective retinoid agonist. In animal emphysema models, palovarotene reduced inflammation, promoted structural repair and functional improvement. REPAIR (Retinoid treatment of Emphysema in Patients on the alpha(1)-antitrypsin International Registry), was an investigator-initiated, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised study to assess the safety and efficacy of 5

Vicariance and marine migration in continental island populations of a frog endemic to the Atlantic Coastal forest

The theory of island biogeography is most often studied in the context of oceanic islands where all island inhabitants are descendants from founding events involving migration from mainland source populations. Far fewer studies have considered predictions of island biogeography in the case of continental islands, where island formation typically splits continuous populations and thus vicariance al

Gas-phase dehydration of glycerol to acrolein over Al2O3-, SiO2- and TiO2-supported Nb- and W-oxide catalysts

Hypothetical monolayers loadings of niobium and tungsten oxide supported on alumina, silica and titania were investigated as catalysts for the dehydration of glycerol to produce acrolein. Besides activity measurements, to have information about the supported structures the catalysts were characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, XANES and FTIR combined with adsorption of pyridine and CO2. Com

Anthropometric measures and bladder cancer risk: A prospective study in the EPIC cohort

Anthropometric measures have been related to risk of several cancers. For bladder cancer, however, evidence is sparse. Comparability of existing studies is hampered by use of different obesity-measures, inadequate control for smoking, and few female cases. This study examined associations between height, weight, waist and hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio, body mass index (BMI