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In all developed and some developing countries there are socioeconomic status (SES) differences in tobacco smoking. People with a low of education, manual occupation, low income as well as the unemployed are daily smokers to a higher extent than those with high SES. People with low SES also stop smoking to a lesser extent in many developed countries. Several theories have been proposed to account
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate school contextual effects on daily tobacco smoking, heavy alcohol use and hashish use among adolescents, using multilevel analyses adjusting for individual-level factors. Methods: The 2012 public health survey among adolescents in Skåne includes pupils in ninth grade in primary school (predominantly 15-16. years old) and second grade in second
The purpose of this thesis is two-fold. Firstly, it is to investigate the notion of belonging in contemporary photography in Turkey and Sweden. Secondly, it aims to contribute to a theoretical approach to contemporary photography that includes its affective, situated and embodied aspects. Engaging is used throughout the thesis as a unifying notion to bring together a range of theoretical perspecti
Lakes and wetlands, common ecosystems of the high northern latitudes, exchange large amounts of the climate-forcing gases methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) with the atmosphere. The magnitudes of these fluxes and the processes driving them are still uncertain, particularly for subarctic and Arctic lakes where direct measurements of CH4 and CO2 emissions are often of low temporal resolution and
Extreme winter events that damage vegetation are considered an important climatic cause of arctic browning - a reversal of the greening trend of the region - and possibly reduce the carbon uptake of northern ecosystems. Confirmation of a reduction in CO2 uptake due to winter damage, however, remains elusive due to a lack of flux measurements from affected ecosystems. In this study, we report eddy
I denna avhandling studeras urbana, pluviala översvämningar och om blågrön infrastruktur, för hantering av dagvatten i urbana grönområden, kan användas som en strategi för motståndskraftig hantering av översvämningsrisk. Spatial analys av översvämningsskador från försäkringsbolag och Malmös VA-huvudman, VA SYD, används för att bättre förstå de hur olika mekanismer och egenskaper i stadens rörnät, This thesis investigates urban, pluvial flooding and if blue-green infrastructure, for handling of stormwater in urban green spaces, can be used as a strategy for resilient flood risk management. Spatial analyses of flood claims from insurance companies and the water utility company of Malmö are used to better understand the mechanisms and characteristics of pluvial flooding and how blue-green inf
Closed-loop control of cloud resources requires there to be measurements readily available from the process in order to use the feedback mechanism to form a control law. If utilizing state-feedback control, sought states might be unfeasible or impossible to measure in real applications; instead they must be estimated. However, running the estimators in real time for all measurements will require aClosed-loop control of cloud resources requires there to be measurements readily available from the process in order to use the feedback mechanism to form a control law. If utilizing state-feedback control, sought states might be unfeasible or impossible to measure in real applications; instead they must be estimated. However, running the estimators in real time for all measurements will require a
Behaviors such as tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity (or a sedentary lifestyle) and diet are major determinants of health because of their causal effects on cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and many other chronic diseases (The World Health Report, 2002). Some other health-related behaviors such as the abuse of narcotic drugs (which lead to premature death for a variety of rea
We present 2500 years of reconstructed bottom water temperatures (BWT) using a fjord sediment archive from the north-east Atlantic region. The BWT represent winter conditions due to the fjord hydrography and the associated timing and frequency of bottom water renewals. The study is based on a ca. 8m long sediment core from Gullmar Fjord (Sweden), which was dated by 210Pb and AMS 14C and analysed f
The Community Atmosphere-Biosphere Land Exchange model (CABLE) is a land surface model (LSM) that can be applied stand-alone and provides the land surface-atmosphere exchange within the Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator (ACCESS). We describe new developments that extend the applicability of CABLE for regional and global carbon-climate simulations, accounting for vegetation re
Background: Humoral immune responses to infectious agents or vaccination vary substantially among individuals, and many of the factors responsible for this variability remain to be defined. Current evidence suggests that human genetic variation influences (i) serum immunoglobulin levels, (ii) seroconversion rates, and (iii) intensity of antigen-specific immune responses. Here, we evaluated the imp
We present measurements of two-particle angular correlations between high-transverse-momentum (2
Sedan 1990-talet har sambanden mellan socialt kapital i form av sociala nätverk, reciprocitet och generaliserad tillit och hälsa studerats internationellt. De flesta studier har dock varit tvärsnittsstudier, vilket försvårar undersökning av orsakssamband. De sociala kontexter som undersökts i flernivåanalyser har ofta varit geografiska områden. Nästan inga studier har använt familjedesign. British
