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Geographic isolation of small populations in refugia during late Pleistocene glaciations resulted in population differentiation that in some cases lead to speciation. We report the karyotype of Microtus bavaricus, an evolutionary young and threatened rodent endemic to the Alps. Our results show that the karyotype of M. bavaricus is almost identical to that of M. liechtensteini (2N = 46, NF = 54).

Polyelectrolytes are known to mediate significant forces between macroions, or charged colloidal particles. This review highlights the research efforts made to understand the underlying mechanisms, and to predict the impact of polyelectrolyte addition to a dispersion of macroions.

Aims The aim was to determine the course of islet cell antibodies [glutamate decarboxylase (GADA), tyrosine phosphatase-like islet antigen 2 (IA-2A) and islet cell (ICA)] after the diagnosis of the diabetic patient. Methods The Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS) attempted to prospectively enrol all newly diagnosed diabetic patients aged 15-34 years during 1992 and 1993. C-peptide and autoan

It is unclear whether high levels of antigen-specific islet antibodies [GADA (glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibodies) and IA2-ab (protein tyrosine phosphatase-like protein antibodies)] predict beta-cell failure in patients with onset of diabetes in adult age. Therefore, GADA and IA2-ab levels at the diagnosis of diabetes were related to fasting plasma C-peptide levels 5 yr later in 148 patients

In the first chapter we test if Purchasing Power Parity, PPP, is empirically valid and when that is not the case we test if productivity growth differences can account for the deviations from PPP by co-integration analysis. Interestingly, the results lend support in favour of PPP in several cases and when PPP is rejected GDP per capita growth rate differences seem to explain the long-run deviation

An international collaboration was organized to undertake a dosimetry exchange to enable the future combination of clinical data from different centers conducting neutron capture therapy trials. As a first step (Part I) the dosimetry group from the Americas, represented by MIT, visited the clinical centers at Studsvik (Sweden), VTT Espoo (Finland), and the Nuclear Research Institute (NRI) at Rez (

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling handlar om expertinflytande och demokrati och fokuserar hur politiskt beslutsfattande i frågor med stort beroende av vetenskaplig expertis bör gå till för att vara demokratiskt. Studiens övergripande syfte är att från ett demokratiskt perspektiv värdera den svenska lagstiftningsprocessen om medicinsk genteknik, som kan ses som ett fall av beslutsfattandThis dissertation is about expert influence and democracy and focuses on how political decision-making about issues highly dependent on qualified scientific expertise should come about in order to be democratic. The primary purpose of the study is to evaluate, from a democratic perspective, the Swedish legislative process concerned with medical gene technology ? an archetypal case where the decisi

Yeast production on hydrolysate is a likely process solution in large-scale ethanol production from lignocellulose. The hydrolysate will be available on site, and the yeast has furthermore been shown to acquire an increased inhibitor tolerance when cultivated on hydrolysate. However, due to over-flow metabolism and inhibition, efficient yeast production on hydrolysate can only be achieved by well-

Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) was used to study skin blood flow in the finger tip and on the dorsum of the hand in healthy volunteers. Vasodilatation in the finger tip was induced by immersing the arm in water at 42 degrees C, and vasodilatation in the dorsum of the hand by intracutaneous injection of dihydralazine. Simultaneous measurements were performed using venous occlusion plethysmography (f

A gastrostomy device is removed from the gastrostoma when no longer needed. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis of whether it is possible for the surgeon to decide which stoma has to be closed with a gastroraphy and which to leave for a spontaneous closure within a reasonable period of time. Out of a cohort of 321 patients, who had been operated with a video-assisted gastrostomy, we in

Facts about the phonotactics and the allophonic behaviour of German /x/ vs /k/ are summarized and discussed concerning the question of categorical vs gradual assimilation. It is concluded that the different allophonic variation of /x/ vs /k/ can more appropriately be described in terms of a difference in articulatory control rather than in assimilation. This difference is associated with a stronge