Filetype
There is a clear trend in rich countries that despite rising incomes and living standards, the gap between rich and poor is widening. What does this mean for our health? Does increasing income inequality affect outcomes such as obesity, life expectancy and subjective well-being? Are rich and poor groups affected in the same ways? This book reviews the latest research on the relationship between in
Ethical consumption, that is, to make certain consumption choices due to personal moral beliefs and values is a growing trend and market. In this article we analyze three ethical smartphone apps developed and marketed in order to help consumers to make ethical product choices: for example, where to find the nearest café selling Fair Trade coffee, whether the salmon in the store is red-listed or if
During thermomechanical processing of metals, changes occur in the microstructure of the material which affect its macroscopic properties. By understanding these transformations in the microstructure, it becomes possible to design the processes in a way which yields the desired properties in the finished product. For this purpose, computer simulation plays an increasingly important role.The presen
Anatomical location of the conduction system may influence the characteristics of the depolarization and thus characteristics of the QRS complex. It is known that in the heart, there are electro-anatomical relationships, such as relationships among the molecular, genetic and anatomic components of the conduction system and papillary muscles. This review aims to discuss how knowledge of the electro
Background: Primary brain tumors are the most common solid tumors in children. Increasing evidence demonstrates diverse intratumoral immune signatures, which are tentatively reflected in peripheral blood. Procedure: Twenty cytokines were analyzed in preoperative plasma samples from five healthy children and 45 children with brain tumors, using a multiplex platform (MesoScale Discovery V-PLEX®). Tu
BACKGROUND: Employment is central to recovery in schizophrenia, but little attention has been paid to its relationship with cognitive functioning. OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study adds to the knowledge base of relationships between cognitive functioning and gaining competitive employment, work hours per week, and monthly income among people with schizophrenia in vocational rehabilitation. It
Background & Aims: BCAT1 initiates the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids. Here, we investigated the function of BCAT1 and its transcriptional regulatory mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: RNASeq was used to evaluate BCAT1 mRNA levels in HCC and normal matched specimens. After the exogenous expression of BCAT1 in BEL-7404 cells and the suppression of endogenous BCAT1 e
We propose a general framework for determining the extent of measurement error bias in OLS and IV estimators of linear models, while allowing for measurement error in the validation source. We apply this method by validating Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) data with Danish administrative registers.Contrary to most validation studies, we find measurement error in income is
We analysed whole-genome sequences of 560 breast cancers to advance understanding of the driver mutations conferring clonal advantage and the mutational processes generating somatic mutations. We found that 93 protein-coding cancer genes carried probable driver mutations. Some non-coding regions exhibited high mutation frequencies, but most have distinctive structural features probably causing ele
Transcriptional profiling of lung adenocarcinomas has identified numerous gene expression phenotype (GEP) and risk prediction (RP) signatures associated with patient outcome. However, classification agreement between signatures, underlying transcriptional programs, and independent signature validation are less studied. We classified 2395 transcriptional adenocarcinoma profiles, assembled from 17 p
Pulmonary diseases are known to be largely inhomogeneous. To evaluate such inhomogeneities, we are testing an image-based method to measure gas flow in the lung regionally. Dynamic, spin-density-weighted hyperpolarized (3)He MR images performed during slow inhalation of this gas were analyzed to quantify regional inflation rate. This parameter was measured in regions of interest (ROIs) that were d
In preclinical research, allergic asthma is investigated in rats sensitised with the antigen ovalbumin (OVA), followed by a challenge with aerosolised OVA to induce an inflammatory reaction of the lower airways. This causes diffuse, nonfocal ventilation defects that lead to heterogeneously distributed signal intensities in hyperpolarised (HP) (3)He MR images, which are difficult to assess directly
We have developed over the past years an experimental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and polarized gases compatible mechanical respirator for the study of the small experimental animal. The respirator has been successfully used for experiments both in the MRI setting for polarized (3)He, (19)F, and proton imaging as well as for functional measurements of the lungs. The new main pneumatic valve w
INTRODUCTION: Proton (¹H ) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be utilized to quantify pulmonary edema in endotoxin-induced pulmonary inflammation and hyperpolarized (HP) ³He MRI can assess pulmonary ventilation. Neither of the methods has been applied to assess the impact of a drug on endotoxin-induced pulmonary inflammation in vivo. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the capability of
PURPOSE: To evaluate the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in mouse with (1)H and hyperpolarized (HP) (3)He MR imaging.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Axial slices of the lung volume were acquired with HP (3)He and (1)H MRI at 4, 24, and 48 h after LPS exposure. A quantitative ventilation index was calculated from two HP (3)He acquisitions. A bronchoalveolar lav
