Presumption of Equality requires that individuals be treated equally in the absence of relevant information that would discriminate between them. Our objective is to make this principle more precise, if viewed as a principle of fairness, and to determine why and under what conditions it should be obeyed. Presumption norms are procedural constraints, but their justification can be sought in the pos

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a valuable biomarker for early detection of prostate cancer, the third most common cancer in men. Ultrasensitive detection of PSA is crucial to screen the prostate cancer in an early stage and to detect the recurrence of the disease after treatment. In this report, microcontact-PSA imprinted (PSA-MIP) capacitive biosensor chip was developed for real-time, highly

Objectives To perform three-dimensional endoanal ultrasound (EA US) after primary repair of fourth-degree anal sphincter rupture (ASR) and correlate the sonographic defects with anal incontinence (AI); to measure the axial and sagittal thickness and angle of the puborectal muscle (PRM) as well as the length of the anal canal, and then correlate these measures with AI; and to assess the interobserv

Second-order scalar-relativistic Douglas-Kroll-Hess density functional calculations of the electric field gradient, including an analytic correction of the picture change error, were performed for 34 tin compounds of which molecular structures and Sn-119 Mossbauer spectroscopy parameters are experimentally known. The components of the diagonalized electric field gradient tensor, V-xx,V-yy, V-zz, w

Determination of polyamines in biological fluids possesses medical diagnostic relevance. Despite the vast panel of analytical methods developed for polyamines they are not applied in routine clinical usage, mainly due to the time and labor consuming sample preparation step and complicated derivatization. procedures. Thus, new simpler methods are needed. This paper describes a single hollow fiber S

Popular Abstract in German Spannungsgesteuerte Kalziumkanäle haben eine große Bedeutung in vielen elektrisch erregbaren Zellen, wie z.B. in Nervenzellen und pankreatischen beta-Zellen. Hier werden sie folgendermaßen aktiviert: In der Nahrung enthaltener Traubenzucker (Glukose) wird nach einer Mahlzeit über den Blutstrom im Körper verteilt und in die beta-Zellen über Glukosetransporter aufgenommen.Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are essential transducers of cellular signals in many electrically excitable cells. In the pancreatic beta-cell they mediate controlled Ca2+ influx, which is the final trigger for Ca2+ dependent release (exocytosis) of the blood glucose lowering hormone insulin. Several subtypes of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are known and the L-type has been found to be the main contri

The local electronic structure of glycine in neutral, basic, and acidic aqueous solution is studied experimentally by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretically by molecular dynamics simulations accompanied by first-principle electronic structure and spectrum calculations. Measured and computed nitrogen and carbon is binding energies are assigned to different local atomic environments, whi

We present a combined quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics and quantum statistical investigation of the interactions between a Molecule (SO2) and an aerosol particle including rate constants for the uptake process. A coupled cluster/molecular mechanics method including explicit polarization is used along with a quantum statistical method for calculating sticking coefficients. The importance of th

Soil moisture induced droughts are expected to become more frequent under future global climate change. Precipitation has been previously assumed to be mainly responsible for variability in summer soil moisture. However, little is known about the impacts of precipitation frequency on summer soil moisture, either interannually or spatially. To better understand the temporal and spatial drivers of s

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the visibility of simulated lesions in 2D digital mammography (DM) and breast tomosynthesis (BT) images of patients. Methods: Images of the same women were acquired on both a DM system (Mammomat Novation, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany) and a BT prototype system adapted from the same type of DM system. Using the geometrical properties of the

In this thesis, methods for efficiently determining stresses in laminated glass structures are developed and tested. The laminated glass structures comprise both bolted and adhesive joints. A recently developed finite element is suggested to be suitable for the modeling of laminated glass structures. The element is implemented and tested. It is proven by means of a simple test example that the ele

In this talk I present a short review of string hadronization, parton cascades, multiple scattering, final states, and underlying events.

The overall aim of this thesis was to study life satisfaction (LS) and factors associated to LS in the group aged 78 and above. As an aid in interpreting the findings, Baltes’ and Baltes’ theory of selective optimisation with compensation (SOC) was used. All four studies included the same studypopulation who were followed for three years in the study Good Aging in Skåne, a national, randomized, po

This contribution presents a novel offline dynamic multi-objective optimization framework for high-pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) processes in batch elution mode. The framework allows for optimization of general elution trajectories parametrized with piecewise constant control signals. It is based on a simultaneous method where both the control and state variables are fully discretized in

This paper examines the use of gradient based methods for extremum seeking control of possibly infinite-dimensional dynamic nonlinear systems with general attractors within a periodic sampled-data framework. First, discrete-time gradient descent method is considered and semi-global practical asymptotic stability with respect to an ultimate bound is shown. Next, under the more complicated setting w

(Schagatay E, Lodin-Sundstrom A. Abrahamsson E. Underwater working times in two groups of traditional apnea divers in Asia: the Ama and the Bajau. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine. 2011;41(1):27-30.) Introduction: Traditional apnea diving for sea harvesting for a living continues in some communities in Asia, the outcome being dependent on the total underwater working time. We studied dive and surfac

To estimate the production of external ectomycorrhizal mycelia (EMM) in Norway spruce forests with varying nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels, and to relate this to the N retention capacity of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) and N leaching. Seasonal changes in EMF production (in ingrowth mesh bags) and soil water N (in suction lysimeters) were analyzed after fertilization with N or N combined with

This special issue of Professions & Professionalism seeks to explain the transition of occupations from non-professions to professions and the conditions and causes that generate professions (i.e., the bases of professionalization). Empirically, we use the histories of the Swedish professions, positing that these histories have several close similarities (and, of course, differences) with thos

Granular GaAs(MnAs) layers with different Mn concentration and various layer thickness were grown by MBE method and subjected to annealing at 500A degrees C under ambient and enhanced hydrostatic pressure. Distinct influence of hydrostatic pressure applied during annealing on strain state of layers as well as on hexagonal MnAs inclusions was found. Pressure induced strain of inclusions is related