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The 2016 update of the International Study Group (ISGPS) definition and grading of postoperative pancreatic fistula : 11 Years After

Background: In 2005, the International Study Group of Pancreatic Fistula developed a definition and grading of postoperative pancreatic fistula that has been accepted universally. Eleven years later, because postoperative pancreatic fistula remains one of the most relevant and harmful complications of pancreatic operation, the International Study Group of Pancreatic Fistula classification has beco

Conodont faunal dynamics across the middle and upper ordovician boundary in the Yichang area, western Hubei province, South China

A total of 6094 conodont specimens, assigned to 18 genera and 27 species, have been recovered from the uppermost Kuniutan and Miaopo formations, spanning the latest Darriwilian - early Sandbian in age, at the Jieling section, Yichang, Hubei Province. Three conodont zones have been recognized, i.e., in ascending order, the Pygodus serra Zone, the Pygodus anserinus - Yangtzeplacognathus jianyeensis

Bimetallic nickel and palladium complexes for catalytic applications

South Africa is a mineral-rich country and one area in which minerals can be very important is catalysis. Over an extended period of time, homogeneous catalysis has grown to become very useful, particularly in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The organometallic compounds required in the catalysis industry have advanced from metallocenes to an alternative in the form of α-diimines. Most

Single Active Site Mutation Causes Serious Resistance of HIV Reverse Transcriptase to Lamivudine : Insight from Multiple Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Molecular dynamics simulations, binding free energy calculations, principle component analysis (PCA), and residue interaction network analysis were employed in order to investigate the molecular mechanism of M184I single mutation which played pivotal role in making the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) totally resistant to lamivudine. Results showed that single mutations at residue 184 of RT caused

State-space models and stored electromagnetic energy for antennas in dispersive and heterogeneous media

Accurate and efficient evaluation of the stored energy is essential for Q-factors, physical bounds, and antenna current optimization. Here, it is shown that the stored energy can be estimated from quadratic forms based on a state-space representation derived from the electric and magnetic field integral equations. The derived expressions are valid for small antennas embedded in temporally dispersi

Jonstorp M2/M3 and Lake Ringsjön Na - different assemblages of archaeological material and perceptions of the Pitted Ware Culture in Scania, Southern Sweden

The main aims and goals of this article are to present two assemblages of the Pitted Ware Culture (PWC) in the province of Scania, southern Sweden. One comes from an inland site named Na, located on the northern shore of Lake Ringsjön. Na was excavated in the 1880s. The other site, Jonstorp, is located in north-western Scania and is a coastal site. The sites have historically been connected by a r