TLR agonists are attractive candidate adjuvants for therapeutic cancer vaccines as they can induce a balanced humoral and T cell-mediated immune response. With a dense network of dendritic cells (DCs) and draining lymphatics, the skin provides an ideal portal for vaccine delivery. Beside direct DC activation, TLR agonists may also induce DC activation through triggering the release of inflammatory

In the study of insect neuroanatomy, three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of neurons and neuropils have become a standard technique. As images have to be obtained from whole-mount brain preparations, pigmentation on the brain surface poses a serious challenge to imaging. In insects, this is a major problematic in the first visual neuropil of the optic lobe, the lamina, which is obstructed by the

Host defense peptides have recently gained much interest as novel anti-infectives owing to their ability to kill bacteria and simultaneously modulate host cell responses. The cationic host defense peptide GKY25 (GKYGFYTHVFRLKKWIQKVIDQFGE), derived from the C terminus of human thrombin, inhibits proinflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo, but the mode of action is unclear. In this study, we sho

The kinking of a corrosion crack due to mixed-mode fatigue loading is studied using an adaptive finite element procedure. The rate of material dissolution is assumed to be proportional to the stretching of the corroding surface. The dissolution of material is governed by a corrosion law, where no criterion is needed for neither crack growth nor growth direction. The problem is treated as a general

Hemoglobin is the major oxygen-carrying system of the blood, but has many potentially dangerous side effects due to oxidation and reduction reactions of the heme-bound iron and oxygen. Extracellular hemoglobin, resulting from hemolysis or exogenous infusion, is shown to be an important pathogenic factor in a growing number of diseases. This review briefly outlines the oxidative/reductive toxic rea

The experimental detector setup TASISpec (TA SCA in Small Image mode Spectroscopy) comprises composite Ge- and highly segmented Si-detectors. The setup is constructed to provide multi-coincidence spectroscopic data between gamma-rays, X-rays, conversion electrons, fission fragments, and alpha-particles for heavy and superheavy elements (Z >= 100). The full array has been virtually constructed usin

Popular Abstract in Swedish När elektroner som färdas i en hastighet nära ljusets hastighet böjs av i ett magnetfält genereras framåtriktad elektromagnetisk strålning. Denna strålning, som även kallas synkrotronljus, kan användas för att studera strukturer och egenskaper hos olika material. Vid en synkrotronljuskälla, som t.ex. MAX II eller MAX III vid MAX-lab i Lund, cirkulerar elektroner runt i The MAX II and MAX III synchrotron light sources at MAX-lab provide synchrotron radiation for experiments in a wide variety of research fields. The synchrotron radiation is emitted by ultra-relativistic electrons circulating in electron storage rings. In this thesis the transverse and longitudinal electron beam sizes and the electron beam lifetime limitations in electron storage rings are discusse

I denna studie diskuterar vi en av flera intressanta aspekter, som verkar göra nätburen utbildning klart positivare än campusutbildning, nämligen faktumet att lärare och studenter kommer närmare varandra på Internet-baserade kurser än på campuskurser.

Biochars are highly variable in nutrient composition and availability, which are determined by types of feedstock and pyrolysis conditions. The aim of this research was to (a) study the bioavailability of phosphorus (P) in biochars using different feedstocks and pyrolysis conditions; (b) develop a robust chemical method for biochar P availability measurements. In the present study, (a) chemical

Patients and methods: We conducted a study among 5533 survivors of testicular cancer on the basis of Swedish Family-Cancer Database for which the cancer data were retrieved from the nationwide Cancer Registry. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of second cancer were calculated by comparing with the rates of the first cancers. The follow-up was started in 1980 and carried on through 2006. Results

Background-Although metabolic risk factors are known to cluster in individuals who are prone to developing diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, the underlying biological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Methods and Results-To identify pathways associated with cardiometabolic risk, we used liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry to determine the plasma concentrations of 45 distinct met

Background: A breeding colony of IL-10 deficient B6.129P2-Il10(tmICgn/J) mice, kept under conventional conditions, developed an inflammatory bowel-like disease (IBD) with rectal prolapse and blood tinged diarrhoea. No clinical signs of disease were observed at the time of arrival to our animal house. These animals were originally planned to serve as a negative control group in an experimental infe

The African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) is one of Africa's most endangered species and therefore classified as endangered by IUCN. Earlier distributions included most of Africa but currently the African wild dog only has populations larger than 300 individuals in three countries (Botswana, Tanzania and South Africa). In 1998, a plan was launched in South Africa to manage sub-populations of the Africa

Several previous articles have discussed different approaches to improving sustainability during machining operations. However, more effective utilization of cutting tools is an approach that has been overlooked in previous investigations. Increasing the effectiveness of cutting tool utilization decreases the need for new tools as well as the resources and energy needed to produce new cutting tool

In order to enable a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) only workflow in radiotherapy treatment planning, methods are required for generating Hounsfield unit (HU) maps (i.e., synthetic computed tomography, sCT) for dose calculations, directly from MRI. The Statistical Decomposition Algorithm (SDA) is a method for automatically generating sCT images from a single MR image volume, based on automatic t

An experimental study of the Zn-62 nucleus has been performed by combining the data sets from four fusion-evaporation reaction experiments. Apart from the previously published data, the present results include ten new rotational band structures and two more superdeformed bands. The Gammasphere Ge-detector array in conjunction with the 4 pi charged-particle detector array Microball allowed for the

Purpose: Cells in the ependymal region in the adult central nervous system (CNS) have been found to possess neural progenitor cell (NPC) like features including capacity for generating new neurons and glia in response to injury and inflammatory disease. Whether these cells are activated after a peripheral nerve injury has not previously been extensively evaluated. Methods: We investigate the possi