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Fisheries exemplify the immense complexity of interactions in social-ecological systems (SESs). This complexity has created management challenges and raises concerns for the sustainability of our marine natural resource systems. This article contributes to SES fisheries research and management in two ways: first, it enhances our understanding of lobster fisheries as complex social-ecological syste

This work demonstrates the capacity of a ballistic imaging instrument to suppress diffuse photons and improve image contrast, making it possible to view fluid structure in a spray where a fog of droplets occludes the near field. Analysis of the system is performed by means of a numerical system model. The model simulates light propagation and scattering in the measurement volume using a Monte Carl

The development of inhibitors is the most serious iatrogenic complication affecting patients with haemophilia. This complication is associated with impaired vital or functional prognosis, reduced quality of life and increased cost of treatment. The reasons why some patients develop antibodies to factor replacement and others do not remain unclear. It is however clear that inhibitor development res

Thaw lakes in permafrost areas are sources of the strong greenhouse gas methane(1-5). They develop mostly in sedimentary lowlands with permafrost and a high excess ground ice volume, resulting in large areas covered with lakes and drained thaw-lake basins (DTLBs; refs 6,7). Their expansion is enhanced by climate warming, which boosts methane emission and contributes a positive feedback to future c

Aims: The NAB2-STAT6 fusion was recently identified as a consistent finding in solitary fibrous tumour (SFT), resulting in nuclear expression of the C-terminal part of STAT6. Gene expression studies of SFT revealed high expression of the GRIA2 gene. The aim of this study was to examine GRIA2 expression in SFTs and other soft tissue tumours to evaluate its diagnostic utility. Methods and results: I

Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of acute myocardial infarction and stroke. It is well established that arterial inflammation in response to accumulation and oxidation of lipoproteins in the vascular wall is the major factor responsible for the development of atherosclerosis. During recent years, it has become apparent that this vascular inflammation is modulated by a complex array of autoimmu

We examine consumer certainty of future preferences and overconfidence in predicting future preferences. We explore how preference certainty and overconfidence impact the option value to revise today's decisions in the future. We design a laboratory experiment that creates a controlled choice environment, in which a subject's choice set (over food snacks) is known and constant over time, and the t

Investigate the 5-year longitudinal changes in bone curvature after acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, and identify predictors of such changes.

Combination of right and left ventricular outflow tracts obstruction is extremely rare. Neonates with combined aortic stenosis (AS) and pulmonary stenosis (PS) present in critical condition and required urgent treatment. The management approach is not well defined. We report five female neonates with combined AS and PS presented to our institute in the last 5 years, age (1-18 days), weight (2.2-3.

Given a set of commodities and a network where some arcs can fail while others are reliable, we consider a routing problem with respect to a survivability requirement that each commodity can be split among pairs of failure-disjoint paths. Two paths p and p′ form a pair of failure-disjoint paths if they share only reliable arcs. The same flow is sent over p and p′, but the flow sent on a common rel

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF; AX200; Filgrastim) is a stroke drug candidate with excellent preclinical evidence for efficacy. A previous phase IIa dose-escalation study suggested potential efficacy in humans. The present large phase IIb trial was powered to detect clinical efficacy in acute ischemic stroke patients.

This study examined specific measures of weight loss in relation to incident diabetes and improvement in cardiometabolic risk factors.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This prospective, observational study analyzed nine weight measures, characterizing baseline weight, short- versus long-term weight loss, short- versus long-term weight regain, and weight cycling, within the Diabetes Prevention Program (

OBJECTIVES: Decision on treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc) related interstitial lung disease (ILD) largely relies on the findings on high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and there is a need for improvement in assessment of the fibrotic activity. The objectives of this study were to study biomarkers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from SSc patients with ILD and to relate the finding

Engineering of novel carbohydrate-binding proteins that can be utilized in various biochemical and biotechnical applications would benefit from a deeper understanding of the biochemical interactions that determine protein-carbohydrate specificity. In an effort to understand further the basis for specificity we present the crystal structure of the multi-specific carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) X-

BRCA1-associated breast and ovarian cancer risks can be modified by common genetic variants. To identify further cancer risk-modifying loci, we performed a multi-stage GWAS of 11,705 BRCA1 carriers (of whom 5,920 were diagnosed with breast and 1,839 were diagnosed with ovarian cancer), with a further replication in an additional sample of 2,646 BRCA1 carriers. We identified a novel breast cancer r

Synaptic dysfunction is linked to cognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease. Thus, measurement of synapse proteins in cerebrospinal fluid may be useful biomarkers to monitor synaptic degeneration. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of the postsynaptic protein neurogranin are increased in Alzheimer's disease, including in the predementia stage of the disease. Here, we tested the performance of cerebrospina

The freezing of monomeric mixtures is known to concentrate solutes in a nonfrozen phase in the area surrounding the ice crystals. The concentration of such solutes is determined by the freezing temperature. Although salts or solvents do not directly react in the polymerization reaction, they do change the composition and properties of the nonfrozen phase. In this study, we investigated the influen

Laser wakefield electron acceleration in the blow-out regime and the associated betatron X-ray radiation were investigated experimentally as a function of the plasma density in a configuration where the laser is guided. Dielectric capillary tubes were employed to assist the laser keeping self-focused over a long distance by collecting the laser energy around its central focal spot. With a 40 fs, 1