Many small passerines are resident in forests with very cold winters. Considering their size and the adverse conditions, this is a remarkable feat that requires optimal energy management in several respects, for example regulation of body fat reserves, food hoarding and night-time hypothermia. Besides their beneficial effect on survival, these behaviours also entail various costs. The scenario is

In previous studies, glucagon receptor knockout mice (Gcgr(-/-)) display reduced blood glucose and increased glucose tolerance, with hyperglucagonemia and increased levels of glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1. However, the role of glucagon receptor signaling for the regulation of islet function and insulin sensitivity is unknown. We therefore explored P-cell function and insulin sensitivity in Gcgr(-/

The genomic region containing the genes encoding the first leukotriene B(4) receptor, BLTR, as well as the recently cloned second leukotriene B(4)-activated receptor, BLTR2, was mapped by (a) sequence analysis of a human bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library containing a 15-kb segment corresponding to chromosome 14q11. 2-12 where the BLTR/BLTR2 genes were previously shown to be located, to

This study evaluated the early phase of development of a model for quality improvement of habilitation and rehabilitation project processes. The focus of the methodologic support in habilitation and rehabilitation model was on cooperation between practice contexts and science. Habermas' theory about communicative action was a theoretical frame of reference. Three project coordinators and ten proje

Nizar Qabbani (1923-1998) är en av den moderna arabiska poesins främsta förnyare. Han är för närvarande både den mest läste och den mest kontroversielle, den mest älskade och den mest hatade av samtidens poeter i Arabvärlden.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and other high-grade brain tumours are typically characterized by complex chromosome abnormalities and extensive intratumour cytogenetic heterogeneity. The mechanisms behind this diversity have been little explored. In this study, we analysed the pattern of chromosome segregation at mitosis in 20 brain tumours. We found an abnormal segregation of chromatids at mitosis

Various factors influencing affinity partitioning in aqueous polymer two-phase systems are studied by model calculations using a self-consistent mean-field lattice theory. The latter is an extension of the theory of Scheutjens and Fleer, adapted to take affinity ligand binding into account. The dependence of partition coefficients on ligand concentration is studied for different binding strengths,

The harmonic Bergman kernel Q(Omega) for a simply connected planar domain Q can be expanded in terms of powers of the Friedrichs operator F-Omega if parallel toF(Omega)parallel to

This paper treats limit cycles caused by friction. The goal has been to explain phenomena that have been observed experimentally in mechatronic systems. Experiments have shown that oscillations of qualitatively different types can be obtained simply by changing controller specifications. Stiction is important in some cases but not in others. Necessary conditions for limit cycle are given for the c

Nonlinear harmonic generation can be a very useful and important phenomenon for single-pass free-electron lasers (FELs) operating in the high-gain regime. Strong bunching at the fundamental wavelength and its associated higher harmonic content allow significant radiation at shorter wavelengths to be emitted without serious effects upon the output power at the fundamental. Here, we analyze the rela

The omega-hydroxyolefins 3-buten-1-ol, 3-buten-1-methyl-1-ol and 4-penten-1-ol were subjected to hydroxycarbonylation conditions in water in the presence of PdCL2(PhCN)(2) and 4-8 equiv. of water soluble tris(3-sodiumsulfonatophenyl)phosphine (TPPTS), or N-bis(N',N'-diethyl-2-aminoethyl)-4-aminomethylphenyl-diphenylphosphine (N3P). Under conditions of high conversion, the olefins primarily undergo

Excited states in the proton emitter Sb-105 have been investigated for the first time. The nucleus was populated in the reaction Cr-50(Ni-58,1p2n). The GAMMASPHERE Ge-detector array was used together with Microball and the Neutron Shell for selection of the reaction channel. The experimental level scheme agrees well with results of a shell model calculation that uses realistic effective interactio

Free sodium metal clusters have been studied by probing the Na 2p core level using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The development of electronic structure with size has been studied and discussed in comparison with the atom, dimer, and solid. Information on cluster metallic properties, size, and temperature has been deduced from the XPS measurements. F