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Background: Ambulatory oxygen therapy can be used to treat exertional hypoxaemia during daily life activities in people with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, evidence for its efficacy is scarce. This trial aimed to compare the effects of ambulatory oxygen with ambulatory air on physical activity in daily life over 6 months in people with fibrotic ILD and isolated exertional hypox
Low back pain is common and negatively impacts quality of life and workplace productivity. However, few studies have focused on small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) where risk factors are prevalent. This cross-sectional study examined the association and structural relationships between physical and social factors in low back pain among Japanese SME workers. We analyzed survey data collected
This article examines the overlaps between the AI Act and the GDPR, analysing their overall relationship, conceptual similarities and differences, as well as specific provisions in the AI Act that explicitly overlap with the GDPR. The primary focus of this article lies on AI data governance, with a detailed analysis of the requirements set out in Article 10 AI Act. This provision establishes quali
Existing LLM-based approaches remain limited by simplistic task execution, restricted tool integration, and a lack of contextual reasoning when interacting with professional GIS software. This study investigates the efficacy of a multi-agent architecture designed to enhance geospatial task execution accuracy through collaboration, reasoning and tool-use. The architecture integrates Chain of Though
Achieving ambitious policy goals such as those enshrined in the Sustainable Development Goals requires that several conditions be met. For example, it is widely believed that sustainable development policies should be legitimate, as the concept of legitimacy is frequently associated with sustainable development. Nevertheless, the notion of legitimacy is notoriously multifaceted and contested. In l
An increasing number of children grow up in joint physical custody (JPC), prompting interest in how this arrangement affects their development. Particularly, questions about the impact of JPC on early attachment development have placed young children at the forefront of scholarly attention. Yet, no systematic synthesis of research has examined attachment development in young children living in JPC
Introduction To assess how national income level influences global variation in the diagnosis and management of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Methods A web-based survey on HFpEF diagnosis and treatment was distributed worldwide from May to July 2023 through email, scientific societies, and social networks. Respondents provided demographic information and details on diagno
Highlights: What are the main findings? Motor neuron death in TIA1Δ mice occurs prior to detectable TDP-43 phosphorylation. TDP-43 accumulates and mislocalizes in the absence of phosphorylation in TIA1Δ mice, which may represent a speculative pre-aggregation-like disease stage. What are the implications of the main findings? The TIA1Δ mouse model provides a unique tool to dissect early, phosphoryl
The stringent response is a conserved stress–adaptation program in bacteria, mediated by the alarmones (p)ppGpp that reprogram transcription, translation, and metabolism. This mini–review surveys mechanistic, physiological, and evolutionary facets of alarmone singnaling across two classes of RelA/SpoT homologue (RSH) enzymes: multidomain-containing long RSHs and small alarmone synthetases/hydrolas
Background: The use of high-flow oxygen therapy (HFOT) compared with standard low-flow oxygen therapy (LFOT) may improve outcomes in people with oxygen-dependent chronic respiratory failure (CRF). The primary aim of this multicentre trial was to evaluate HFOT in addition to LFOT, compared with regular LFOT in people with CRF due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or interstitial lung
Why, despite decades of warnings and solutions, does unsustainable consumption still persist? What keeps societies locked into business as usual even when the consequences are clear? This book contends that part of the answer lies in the myths we adhere to – powerful narratives that normalise the status quo, limit imagination and delay the transition to sustainability. Gathering leading scholars f
The Haro 11 galaxy merger is the closest known Lyman continuum (LyC) leaker and a strong Lyman-α (Lyα) emitter, making it an important analogue of the high-z galaxies that reionised the early Universe. To investigate how Haro 11’s properties arise, we perform a radiation hydrodynamics simulation of the merger, and create mock observations of LyC, Lyα, and Hα, from which we compute their luminositi
Background: Standardized definitions of autoimmune disease (AD) are lacking. Therefore, we aim to propose a definition of AD for register-based research and estimate the burden of AD in Sweden as registered in the National Patient Register (NPR) from 1980 to 2023. Methods: Leveraging the NPR, we defined AD as having at least two relevant International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes represe
The optical response of gold-silver (Au-Ag) alloy nanoparticles is strongly influenced by their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), which can be tuned by varying the particle composition. Accurate simulation of LSPR, often performed using Mie theory, critically depends on the choice of dielectric function, yet available datasets for gold, silver, and their alloys vary widely. In this work,
Distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), also known as cell-free massive MIMO, emerges as a promising technology for sixth-generation (6G) systems to support uniform coverage and reliable communication. For the design and optimization of such systems, measurement-based investigations of real-world distributed MIMO channels are essential. In this paper, we present a sub-6 GHz indoor chann
The residential sector presents one of the most pressing decarbonisation challenges, especially within historically gas-dependent nations such as the UK. Compounding this challenge, issues of social acceptance have slowed efforts to advance the residential decarbonisation agenda in the UK context. To date, existing technologies such as heat pumps and smart meters, as well as emerging technologies
This article examines how embodied Virtual Reality (VR), when used as a participatory research method, can support the narrative sovereignty of refugees from the Global South by recognising their stories as key sources of knowledge production. This approach challenges dominant humanitarian and state discourses that often frame refugees as passive victims in need of saving. The article critiques th
