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Forests have seen a strong greening trend worldwide, and previous studies have attributed this mainly to land-use conversions such as afforestation. However, for the greening of existing forests, the role of human interventions is unclear. Here we paired neighboring natural and planted forests in Southern China to minimize the differences between the forest types and analyzed the vegetation index
In unconventional superconductors, coupled charge and lattice degrees of freedom can manifest in ordered phases of matter that are intertwined. In the cuprate family, fluctuating short-range charge correlations can coalesce into a longer-range charge density wave (CDW) order which is thought to intertwine with superconductivity, yet the nature of the interaction is still poorly understood. Here, b
Dragonflies are poikilothermic animals with limited thermoregulation; therefore, their entire bodies, including the brain, experience a range of temperatures during their daily activities.1,2 These flying insects exhibit hunting prowess, pursuing prey or conspecifics whether in direct sunlight or under the cover of cloud.3,4 Likely to underlie these aerobatic feats are the small target motion dete
The capacity for organic micropollutant removal in granular activated carbon (GAC) filters for wastewater treatment changes over time. These changes are in general attributed to changes in adsorption, but may in some cases also be affected by biological degradation. Knowledge on the degradation of organic micropollutants, however, is scarce. In this work, the degradation of micropollutants in seve
Wheat straw (WS) constitutes a considerable biomass resource and can be used to produce the energy carrier methane through anaerobic digestion. Due to the low contents of several nutrient elements and water in harvested WS, the use of sewage sludge (SS), consisting of primary sludge and waste-activated sludge, as a nutrient source in co-digestion with steam-pretreated wheat straw (PWS) was investi
We used infrared reflection microspectroscopy for chemical imaging of urinary calculi and showed that contribution of diffuse reflection, influencing the imaging results, can be suppressed by decreasing surface roughness and (or) increasing wavelength of infrared radiation applied for the imaging.
This article examines how the potato is used as a crisis strategy and future practiceby a group of actors from a youth education center in Skåne, with connections to alternativeagricultural movements, hereunder among others the permaculture movementand the grassroots movement Potatisuppropet. The article is a derivative effectof the dissertation project, Living Alternative Futures: Mobilising thro
This paper presents the results of the 2022 Groundwater Time Series Modelling Challenge, where 15 teams from different institutes applied various data-driven models to simulate hydraulic-head time series at four monitoring wells. Three of the wells were located in Europe and one was located in the USA in different hydrogeological settings in temperate, continental, or subarctic climates. Participa
The strategy of pre-training a large model on a diverse dataset, then fine-tuning for a particular application has yielded impressive results in computer vision, natural language processing, and robotic control. This strategy has vast potential in adaptive control, where it is necessary to rapidly adapt to changing conditions with limited data. Toward concretely understanding the benefit of pre-tr
Fuktegenskaper hos fem betonger med olika grad av inblandning av slagg har bestämts. Desorptionsisotermer har mätts på tunna skivor i klimatboxar. Fukttransportkoefficienter har bestämts med koppmetoden på välhärdade prover och med burkmetoden på prover som härdats i 3, 6 respektive 12 månader.Desorptionsisotermerna uppvisar en horisontell ”platå” i området 85-95 % RF, särskilt vid slagginblandnin
Background and aimsSeveral studies have confirmed the presence of bacterial DNA in atherosclerotic plaques, but its contribution to plaque stability and vulnerability is unclear. In this study, we investigated whether the bacterial plaque-profile differed between patients that were asymptomatic or symptomatic and whether there were local differences in the microbial composition within the plaque.
Background and aims: Recent evidence suggests that the microbiota may be considered as an environmental factor that contributes to the development of atherosclerosis. Periodontal disease has been associated with cardio- and cerebrovascular events, and inflammation in the periodontium is suggested to increase the systemic inflammatory level of the host, which may in turn influence plaque compositio
Objective: To investigate the effect of gut microbiota and diet on atherogenesis. Approach and Results: Here, we investigated the interaction between the gut microbiota and diet on atherosclerosis by feeding germ-free or conventionally raised Apoe−/− mice chow or Western diet alone or supplemented with choline (which is metabolized by the gut microbiota and host enzymes to trimethylamine N-oxide)
Postnatal development of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in mammals is influenced, to an unknown extent, by the diet and the microflora. The aim of the current study was to clarify the role of a dietary fibre on postnatal Gl development, by studying the effects of aprebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin preparation (Synergy 1) on GI growth and function in a suckling rat modcl Between 10 and 16 da
Moving in straight lines is a behaviour that enables organisms to search for food, move away from threats, and ultimately seek suitable environments in which to survive and reproduce. This study explores a vision-based technique for detecting a change in heading direction using the Milky Way (MW), one of the navigational cues that are known to be used by night-active insects. An algorithm is propo
Motivated by the need for realistic, dynamically self-consistent, evolving galaxy models that avoid the complexity of full, and zoom-in, cosmological simulations, we have developed Nexus, an integral framework to create and evolve synthetic galaxies made of collisionless and gaseous components. Nexus leverages the power of publicly available, tried-and-tested packages: the stellar-dynamics, action
OBJECTIVE To compare the prevalence of parental diabetes between children with and without type 1 diabetes (T1D), and to compare clinical characteristics at diagnosis of T1D in children with, versus without, a family history of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Parental diabetes among children with T1D was compared with a general population cohort. Clinical characteristics were compared by fam
This paper aims to contribute to the field of policy enactment studies with a deepened understanding of the significance of the students when a pedagogical vision is enacted. The paper is based on a single case study using observations, surveys, interviews, and document studies. Informed by policy enactment theory, we analyse the students’ role in enacting the vision at the newly established Newsc
Introduction: Phytates are nutrient-binding compounds found mainly in cereals and legumes, which may significantly contribute to micronutrient malnutrition in regions where phytate-rich cereals, such as maize, are staple food.Objectives: This study investigated how maize fermentation, both alone and in combination with soaking and germination, can reduce phytate levels and enhance the estimated bi
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a critical role in the immune response against pathogens. Its high polymorphism is thought to be mainly the consequence of host-pathogen co-evolution, but elucidating the mechanism(s) driving MHC evolution remains challenging for natural populations. We investigated the diversity of MHC class II genes in a wild population of pied flycatchers Ficedul
