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Utgångspunkten i svensk avtalsrätt är att rättsverkningar förutsätter aktiva handlingar. Avtal anses normalt uppkomma genom ett utbyte av samstämmiga viljeförklaringar i form av anbud och accept. Passivitet, dvs. underlåtenhet att handla, leder som huvudregel inte till avtalsbundenhet. Denna ordning vilar på avtalsfriheten och viljeprincipen, enligt vilken en part endast blir bunden till vad denne
Fastställande av faderskap har historiskt haft stor betydelse i Sverige och varit avgörande för barns rättsliga och sociala ställning. Under lång tid gjordes en tydlig åtskillnad mellan barn födda inom och utom äktenskap, där barn utom äktenskap hade begränsade rättigheter. Sexuella relationer utom äktenskap var länge kriminaliserade och det kvarlevande stigmat kom även att prägla lagstiftningen o
Under senare år har regeringen intensifierat arbetet mot hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck genom flera lagstiftningsreformer. Bland de senaste åtgärderna återfinns kriminaliseringen av oskuldskontroller, oskuldsintyg och oskulds-ingrepp. Regeringen har framhållits att dessa företeelser kränker flickors och kvinnors kroppsliga och sexuella integritet. I samband med en kriminalisering aktualiseras
A massive population growth in cities is currently being witnessed in most countries around the world. As urban populations grow, cities eventually expand geographically into what was considered countryside and nowadays distinguishing between what is city and what is countryside is getting increasingly difficult. In many Western countries, it is being observed that areas near cities seem to capita
This paper examines how an industrial legacy leads to the formation of a distinct local culture and how the culture’s survival provides a context for the subsequent entrepreneurial activities in new local industries. The discussion about culture as a key driver of entrepreneurship and economic growth is well established in the academic debate. However, we know little about how culture is formed. T
Importance: Evidence is lacking regarding the consequences of antibiotic use in early life and the risk of certain autoimmune diseases.Objective: To test the association between early-life antibiotic use and islet or celiac disease (CD) autoimmunity in genetically at-risk children prospectively followed up for type 1 diabetes (T1D) or CD.Design, Setting, and Participants: HLA-genotyped newborns fr
We studied the biomarker patterns related to axonal injury, astrogliosis and amyloid metabolism in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of children and adolescents with mitochondrial encephalopathy and identified correlations with phenotype and survival outcome. Forty-six pediatric patients with genetically verified mitochondrial encephalopathy and twenty-two controls investigated at the Queen Silvia Childre
AbstractThis thesis investigates the use of digital resources in education with a 1-1 computer to student ratio. Studies were performed with a sociocultural perspective and in the light of the theory of affordances. The two studies differ methodologically but the shared topic is teachers’ usage of digital resources. Previous studies have shown that using digital resources to promote collaboration,
This thesis aimed to examine the relationship between climate and atmospheric CO2 concentrations through rapid climate changes during the Holocene. Climate was reconstructed using high-resolution, radiocarbon dated, lake sediment geochemical proxies (magnetic susceptibility, loss-on-ignition, total carbon/nitrogen/sulphur determinations and biogenic silica), vegetational reconstruction (pollen ana
CONTEXT: Prior studies have demonstrated conflicting results regarding how much information novel biomarkers add to cardiovascular risk assessment. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility of contemporary biomarkers for predicting cardiovascular risk when added to conventional risk factors. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Cohort study of 5067 participants (mean age, 58 years; 60% women) without cardi
Zabrze is a medium size town of 200 000 inhabitants in the region of Upper Silesia, Poland. The development of the town was originally based on the exploitation of heavy industries. In the past few years Zabrze has, however, moved towards more service and tourism oriented industries. As part of this journey, the city of Zabrze sees the need to improve its existing waste management system. This rep
It is well known that nature offers an abundance of materials and processes that can be adapted in low-tech fashion, to fabricate systems capable of removing pollutants from wastewater. During the last decade, extensive basic and engineering research on such natural treatment systems have led to improvement of the quality of discharged wastewaters. However, the mechanisms of natural treatment and
The family with the elderly and the home help workers’ team constitute two organisations, which meet in the care work. In this context the family is extended and often constitute not only members from the nuclear family but also other members of the network of relatives, whom take part in the care of the elderly. The extended family may in some cases include four generations (Finch & Mason, 19
Abstract The thesis aims at providing a better understanding of public policy instruments used in policy-making within the energy sector, particularly regarding their role in the change towards an increased use of renewable energy sources for generation of electricity. The research was guided by an underlying assumption that a markedly higher proportion of the energy generated from renewable sour
BACKGROUND: Physical activity might reduce the risk of developing dementia. However, it is still unclear whether the protective effect differs depending on the subtype of dementia. We aimed to investigate if midlife physical activity affects the development of vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) differently in two large study populations with different designs.METHODS: Using a pro
The study investigates explicit and implicit knowledge of article semantics in 26 second language learners of English. Their first languages, Russian and Belarusian, lack articles. The research question is whether explicit knowledge, operationalised as an ability to explain what principle governs the choice between the definite and the indefinite article in a multiple-choice test, is associated wiThe study investigates explicit and implicit knowledge of article semantics in 26 second language learners of English. Their first languages, Russian and Belarusian, lack articles. The research question is whether explicit knowledge, operationalised as an ability to explain what principle governs the choice between the definite and the indefinite article in a multiple-choice test, is associated wi
