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The aim of this thesis was to improve background knowledge for making a reliable medical evaluation at the first visit of a woman in her 13th gestational week, to the antenatal clinic. We have focused on the prediction and the risk estimation of preeclampsia, intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), and thrombosis. The thesis was based on five studies, in which we have evaluated biochemical analy

Introduction. Perspectives in research history. Nordic language history as part of social and cultural history. Nordic as part of Old Germanic. Ancient Nordic. from Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic. Old Nordic (1100-1350.

This thesis has synchronization of Multicarrier systems, more specifically Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems, as the main theme. The thesis addresses two areas, the first proposing and analyzing time and frequency estimators for OFDM systems, the second investigating more practical issues around these estimators. The practical part addresses implementation and applies the e

The traditional restrictive attitude towards claim for compensation about non-pecuniary harms in both cause law and legislation become weaker even if the theoretically and practically reason behind the old exception-construction remain. This reason can best be explained by the thesis about incommensurability when it comes to compensate for some losses that money cannot compensate. To explain why t

The intensification of agriculture during the second half of the twentieth century, has caused sever declines of farmland biodiversity, where loss of semi-natural habitats is one of the major drivers. To halt further loss of habitat and biodiversity, agri-environmental schemes (AES) are used to compensate farmers to use methods less harmful to the environment. In this thesis, I have investigated t

Popular Abstract in English Plants harvest sunlight to fix air carbon dioxide into a form which is the fundamental source of energy for other organisms such as animals. The domestication of crop plants and traditional breeding practices has resulted in increased yield and nutritional value of crops. This comes at a cost of loss in genetic variability that is required by living organisms to adapt tPotato is one of the major food crops and its yield is severely affected by late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans. P. infestans has the ability to manipulate plant defence signalling by secreting effector molecules causing so called effector triggered susceptibility. Some plants can recognize these effectors via resistance proteins that reactivate plant defence and lead to effector

This dissertation presents a framework for describing, a process for identifying, and a model for evaluating misalignments in the supply chain when varying elements such as structure, processes, and management components. The developed approach makes it possible to address and improve the alignment of supply chain structures, processes, and management components. To further increase knowledge of h

Background. Polypharmacy is known to increase the risk for drug-related problems, and some drugs, potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), are especially troublesome. Objective. To analyse the effects on prescription of PIMs of the SäKLäK project, an intervention model created to improve medication safety for elderly patients in primary care. Method. The SäkläK project was a multiprofessional

Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare patients with epiphora and cataract in terms of the activity limitations they experience in daily life due to their visual disability and to validate the use of the Catquest-9SF questionnaire for epiphora patients. Methods: Seventy-two consecutively encountered adult patients with confirmed lacrimal obstruction and listed for dacryocystorhinostom

BACKGROUND: Varus osteotomy of the proximal femur (VOPF) is one treatment option to prevent hip dislocation in children with cerebral palsy (CP). It is questioned whether the osteotomy should be performed in the displaced hip only, or if it should be performed bilaterally to prevent later displacement of the contralateral hip. CPUP is a register and healthcare programme for children with CP that w