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Dyes are commercially indispensable and the expanding industry offers a complete palette of colors. Azo dyes constitute the largest chemical class of synthetic dyes because of their versatility, low price, and ease of production. These dyes may, however, pose health risk to humans due to formation of mutagenic/carcinogenic aromatic amines upon reductive cleavage of their azo groups (-N=N-). Theref

The development of immature progenitor cells into highly differentiated effector cells is a process central in modern medicine with applications in the fields of cell therapy as well as oncology. This thesis is focused on the molecular mechanisms that control the development of B lymphocytes. This is a complex and tightly regulated process involving several stages proceeding from stem cells to ant

Different models and statistical mechanical approximations for titrating polyelectrolytes are studied and the results compared with Monte Carlo simulations and experimental data. Three types of models have been used in the simulations: i) rigid structures and freely jointed chains with ii) rigid bonds and iii) flexible, harmonic bonds. Sampling is facilitated for the latter two by the use of pivot

This thesis presents the research performed within two different research groups using heavy-ion induced nuclear reactions. They offer the opportunity to investigate different properties of nuclear matter. The results are based on measurements using a variety of different experimental techniques. The PHENIX experiment measured the production of deuteron and anti-deuterons at mid-rapidity in gold-

Strong temperature fluctuations and pathogen attacks can cause bark lesions, visible signs of wounds in the phloem and cambium. Pathogenic insects and fungi are able to invade lesions that have not healed, further increasing the damage. The ability of the tree to withstand climatic and biotic stress can be lowered by air pollution, especially N deposition, with subsequent alterations in the soil c

The cytochromes P450 are a large enzyme family that is found in all living organisms and takes part in both endogenous and exogenous metabolism. They are primarily mono-oxygenases and perform a wide range of reactions. In contrast to many other enzymes, they have been optimised to react with a wide range of substrates instead of having high reaction rates. In the active site, these enzymes have a

One of the main trends in the polymer industry today is the increasing importance of polymer blends. Combining two or more immiscible polymers in a polymer blend often leads to multi-phase materials with desirable properties. The typical poor morphological stability and low interfacial adhesion in these blends can be eliminated by adding compatibilizing graft copolymers. Well-defined graft copoly

In vitro generation of antibody fragments of desired specificity and affinity plays an important role since it permits the generation of reagents which may be valuable for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Furthermore, the kinetic parameters for an antibody-antigen interaction, rather than the affinity, has shown to correlate with biological functions like virus neutralization. This points

This thesis seeks to explore critically the idea of corporate criminal responsibility. The criminal responsibility of corporations is constructed as a criminal responsibility of legal persons. As an expression of criminal policy, criminal responsibility of corporations is often understood as a response to harms and risks stemming from the economic and industrial sectors of society. The central the

Capsazepine and similar compounds, capsazepinoids, were shown to be general inhibitors of agonist (leukotriene D4, histamine, acetylcholine, prostaglandin D2) evoked constriction of human small airway preparations. The mechanism of action remains to be elucidated, but established bronchodilator principles, e.g. beta2-adrenoceptor agonism, as well as TRPV1 antagonism were shown to be less likely. F

This thesis presents the developement and verification of cutting force models for multi-toothed cutting processes. The scope of the thesis includes the modelling and measuring of factors that affect the mechanical load variation between individual cutting edges in the process. These factors will for example influence tool life and workpiece quality. The most important factors are; errors in radia

The aim of these studies has been to investigate what information that can be obtained on gel-emulsions with nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR, as the investigating tool. The gel-emulsions are important in many technical applications such as in food products, in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations, and in emulsion explosives, just to name a few applications. We have worked with the NMR diffusom

In this thesis a strategy perspective (the resource-based view) is applied to the New Technology-Based Firms (NTBFs) in Science Parks, arguing that the Science Park provides the firms with a set of resources that if used could help them build their resource base and thus develop and grow. Three categories of resources are identified in the Science Park; University related resources, Science Park f

The objective of this thesis is to develop a simulation tool and a method by which robot trajectories, temperature histories, residual stresses and distortion can be analysed and optimized off-line. This was performed by integrating robot simulation software with finite element analysis software. A special interface was created which facilitated information exchange between the two software progra

For people with central visual field loss, eccentric vision is all that they have to rely on. Even for those who learn how to correctly utilize their eccentric vision, it will never be as good as the central for two entirely different reasons: the off-axis optics of the eye can result in large refractive errors, and the low function of the peripheral retina. This thesis deals with the first of the

Political Culture and Social Engagement. An ethnological study of everyday parliamentary life in Helsingborg. The goal of my thesis is to, by examining foundational features which support political culture, make visible prerequisites for political engagement. Using diverse everyday situations, the thesis describes how one “does” politics. I follow two committee chairpersons in the municipality of

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are members of a family of polysaccharide structures consisting mostly of repeating disaccharide units. Most GAGs are attached to specific serine residues in proteins to form proteoglycans (PGs). GAGs and PGs show a large and diverse number of biological functions ranging from cell cycle regulation and control of formation of blood vessels to modification of tissue transp

Several optically active organometallic Phe-AAn-Phe peptidomimetics and macrocyclic Phe-(Phe)n peptides have been synthesized by either intra- or intermolecular peptide bond formation of the corresponding bis(amino acid) derivatives. The key bis(amino acid) derivatives were available from an improved multi-step synthetic route, utilising Horner-Wadswort-Emmons olefination of organometallic aldehyd

The aim of this thesis was to analyze the value of pictures in a number of cognitive tasks that are predominantly verbal in nature. Three studies, with three experiments each, are included in the thesis. The first study found automatic interference effects from pictures (facial expressions) on the affective evaluation of words. In the Stroop-like presentation of integrated picture-and-word stimuli

This thesis describes the design, synthesis and evaluation of synthetic inhibitors for the carbohydrate binding proteins called galectins. Potent and selective inhibitors can be used as important research tools in the endeavor to chart the true role of galectins in biological events such as cancer and inflammation and possibly as lead for future galectin targeting drugs. A panel of O-galactosyl a