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Sweden: the Minimum Wage Directive is not visible in the debate on collective bargaining issues

Among the headlines:Did the Directive trigger any other discussion in the area of CB? Shrinking share of workplace union clubs and union representativesCollective agreements on co-determination ‘light’Reduced co-determination and reduced working hoursProblems with labour law requirements in public procurementsBig enterprises in new industries resist collective agreements, but very few new collecti

Cataract patients in a defined Swedish population 1986-1990

There has been a striking increase in the number of cataract operations in the referral region of the Lund Health Care District during 1986 through 1990, in 1990 reaching 3.6 per 1000 inhabitants. Different preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative variables and observations were registered and analysed for 5878 consecutive cataract cases operated in the period studied. Women predominate in t

Linking distributed hydrological processes with ecosystem vegetation dynamics and carbon cycling: Modelling studies in a subarctic catchment of northern Sweden

Popular Abstract in Chinese 北极和亚北极地区对全球气候变化影响尤为重要。目前,北极地区正面临着变暖速度高于全球平均的现状。全球大约有50%的土壤碳储存在高纬度地区的土壤里,这些土壤碳主要分布于冻土层和泥炭层中。冻土层的解冻会使原先被冻结的土壤碳加速分解,产生温室气体,从而对全球变暖形成一个强烈的正反馈。与此同时,气温的增加可能会很大程度地影响植被在这些地区的生长和分布。动态生态系统模型是一种非常强大的工具,被用来研究气候变化对生态系统的影响,并且可以量化生态系统对大气的反馈信息。然而这些模型通常只关注大气、地表植被和土壤之间的水和碳的纵向转移,从而忽略了其在模型空间单元中的横向移动。这样可能会导致模型对于水和碳平衡的计算不够准确和全面,尤其在气候敏感的高纬度极地地区,这种偏差可能会更大。 本论文旨在解决动态生态系统模型中的这个局限性问题。基于目前最先进的动态生态The Arctic and Subarctic regions are of particular importance to the global climate change and are now experiencing a climate warming that is higher than the global average. Around 50% of the global soil carbon is stored in high latitude soils, especially in permafrost and peatland soils. Permafrost thawing, speeding up the decomposition of previously frozen soil carbon, is expected to result in s

Acute Mastoiditis in Children – A National Study in Sweden

One of the greatest threats to society today is the development of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. It is commonly accepted that this is mainly due to the use of antibiotics. Acute otitis media (AOM) is responsible for the highest number of antibiotic prescriptions to children although it is in most cases a self-limiting disease. Nevertheless, complications do occur in some case and the most c