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This paper gives an overview of the history and historiography of the union between Denmark, Norway, and Sweden in the late middle ages, the Union of Kalmar, trying to overcome the national bias of previous research. When seen in a state formation perspective, the union must be regarded as a serious candidate for statehood. Focusing on its last decades, it is shown that it was an important mental
We demonstrate a digital holographic method in which two different substances in a blend are discerned. The method requires only one set of exposures and one reconstruction in the plane of focus. The phase is unwrapped by Flynn's discontinuity algorithm to produce an image of the variation of the optical distance of the illuminating wave. Objects with indices of refraction that are higher and lowe
Objectives: To evaluate the use of cellular and cordless telephones as the risk factor For non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Methods: Male and female subjects aged 18-74 years living in Sweden were Included during a period from I December 1999 to 30 April 2002. Controls were selected from the national population registry. Exposure to different agents was assessed by questionnalre. Results: In total, 9
Purpose: To confront the statement that gadolinium contrast media (Gd-CM) are less nephrotoxic than iodine contrast media (I-CM) when used in x-ray angiographic and computed tomographic (CT) examinations. Methods: I) For CT measurements (mean density in Hounsfield numbers) 20-mL syringes filled with I- and Gd-CM at 0.01, 0.02, 0.05 and 0.1 mmol attenuating atoms/mL were scanned in air and in a 30
Correlation between dorsal pedal pulse palpation and hand-held Doppler measurement of ankle pressure in patients referred to a specialized leg and foot ulcer clinic at a dermatological department was investigated. Complete data regarding palpable dorsal pulse and ankle-brachial index (ABI) was available for 510 patients. Palpable dorsal pedal pulse was present in 337 patients and absent in 173. Me
PURPOSE: To describe complications and visual outcome of photocoagulation for clinically significant macular oedema. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Evaluation of macular oedema and complications of photocoagulation in 194 eyes, defined as subretinal fibrosis, atrophic creep of the pigment epithelium and subretinal neovascularization was based on stereo fundus photo grading. The study included 25 patients w
Spatial and temporal changes in South African solar UV-B (280-315 nm) exposure were modeled and mapped at 2.5 km2 resolution using ozone, relative humidity, cloud amount and elevation data. Computations indicated large natural gradients in UV-B exposure ranging from a 34.2% change over 14o of latitude to a 44.2% change over 16o of longitude. Modelling of future scenarios in annual UV-B exposure in
Abstract is not available
Populations of the leafy liverwort Plagiochila porelloides from lowland southern Scandinavia and mountain peaks on mainland Greece were screened for polymorphisms at 16 putative isozyme loci. The study areas were chosen to represent regions severely and mildly affected by the Pleistocene glaciations, respectively. As in an earlier study from Poland, total absence of variability was recorded. It is
We have performed modeling of fluorescence signals from inclusions inside turbid media to investigate the influence of a limited fluorescence contrast and how accurately the depth can be determined by using the spectral information. The depth was determined by forming a ratio of simulated fluorescence intensities at two wavelengths. The results show that it is important to consider the background
OBJECTIVES: Development of guidelines for quality assurance in head injury care has to be based on knowledge about how today's management is organized. To address the need for guidelines in minor head injury (MHI), the authors studied management practice in Sweden. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional mail survey including all 76 hospitals treating head-injured patients. The questionnaire outli
Popular Abstract in Swedish Under senare år har produkternas roll uppmärksammats mer och mer inom miljöpolitiken. Det talas allt oftare om behovet av ett livscykeltänkande där produktens påverkan på miljön under olika faser av livscykeln blir en utgångspunkt för politiska åtgärder. I en värld där leverantörskedjorna ofta är långa och involverar aktörer i ett flertal länder kan ett livscykeltänkandOne of the noticeable trends in recent years is that products have received increasing attention in environmental policy. The focus on products and their life cycle impacts is often referred to as ?life cycle thinking?. This implies a shift away from the traditional focus on production processes and the environmental impacts of point-source pollution, towards a stronger focus on emissions from the
An overview of the field of Chiral Lagrangians is given. This includes Chiral Perturbation Theory and resummations to extend, it to higher energies, applications to the muon anomalous magnetic moment, epsilon(1)/epsilon and others.
