Metal ions such as cobalt (II) and chromium (III) might be present in the oral cavity, as a consequence of the corrosion of Co-Cr dental alloys. The diffusion of such metal ions into the organism, carried by saliva, can cause health problems as a consequence of their toxicity, enhanced by a cumulative effect in the body. The effect of the chlorhexidine digluconate, which is commonly used in mouthw

Pesticides are widely used in agriculture to increase and protect crop production. A substantial percentage of the active substances applied is retained in the soil or flows into water courses, constituting a very relevant environmental problem. There are several methods for the removal of pesticides from soils and water; however, their efficiency is still a challenge. An alternative to current me

Cancer pharmacology is often markedly toxic and must be precisely dosed in order to reach the therapeutic bioavailability under strict control. Transport properties are important tools in the process of interpretation and fine-tuning pharmaceutical applications, notably for drugs that have a long record of use and have met their limits of bioavailability. 5–Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most u

We have measured the limiting diffusion coefficients of three different pesticides in aqueous solutions: glufosinate ammonium, cymoxanil and imidacloprid, highly used for tomato production. The experiments were carried in aqueous solutions, at 25 °C, at concentrations below 3 mmol dm−3 (depending on the solubility of pesticides). Mutual diffusion coefficients (D) obtained by using the Taylor dispe

It has been widely reported that isoprene emissions from the Arctic ecosystem have a strong temperature response. Here we identify sedges (Carex spp. and Eriophorum spp.) as key contributors to this high sensitivity using plant chamber experiments. We observe that sedges exhibit a markedly stronger temperature response compared to that of other isoprene emitters and predictions by the widely accep

In the manufacturing industry, a major concern persists—the historical entanglement of this sector with environmental issues. Climate change and resource depletion cast a shadow over traditional practices, demanding a paradigm shift. As our planet grapples with these challenges, the imperative for sustainable manufacturing practices becomes undeniable. Futuristic Technology for Sustainable Manufac

Although cyclodextrins have been discovered over 130 years ago, they have been in the spotlight of researchers in academia and industry in the last 5–6 decades. That arises as a consequence of their unique physicochemical properties. This chapter starts with a historical overview of cyclodextrins, landmarks, and their properties and applications. The latter rest on the ability of cyclodextrins to

Cyclodextrins are oligosaccharides with a wide range of applications since the last decades of the 20th century, although their discovery occurred at the end of the 19th century. Due to their donut-like structure and, essentially, their amphiphilic characteristics, cyclodextrins make it possible to modify the physicochemical properties of many compounds through the formation of supramolecular comp

Purpose: Ultrahypofractionated (UHF) radiation therapy (RT) has become a treatment alternative for patients with localized prostate cancer. In more advanced cases, seminal vesicles (SVs) are routinely included in the target volume. The Scandinavian HYPO-RT-PC trial, which compared 42.7 Gy in 7 fractions (fr) to conventional fractionation (CF), did not include SVs in the clinical target volume. The

Aim: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate β-cell function, and β-cell mitochondria and insulin secretion are perturbed in diabetes. We aimed to identify key miRNAs regulating β-cell mitochondrial metabolism and novel β-cell miRNA-mitochondrial pathways. Methods: TargetScan (http://www.targetscan.org/) was used to predict if 16 miRNAs implicated in β-cell function target 27 cis-eGenes implicated in mitochon

Background and purpose: Recent progress in diagnostics and treatment of metastatic cancer patients have improved survival substantially. These developments also affect local therapies, with treatment aims shifting from short-term palliation to long-term symptom or disease control. There is consequently a need to better define the value of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for the treatment of

Boreal forests play a crucial role in global carbon sequestration and storage, yet their vulnerability to climate change remains a significant concern. We present results from simulations with the process-based dynamic global vegetation model LPJ-GUESS of the combined effects of climate change and forest management on the carbon sink capacity of a boreal forest in southern Sweden. We compared two

Aim: To conduct the first revision of the World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Sets for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: A Delphi-like method was used, integrating evidence from stakeholder feedback and developing and piloting the ADHD ICF Core Set platform to inform revisions to the ADHD Core Sets. Results:

Previous research notes difficulties in functioning and low quality of life (QoL) among transition-age youth on the autism spectrum, and poor mental health may contribute to these difficulties. This study examined the role of autism symptom severity and mental health problems on self-reported functioning and QoL in treatment-seeking transition-age autistic youth. The study included 140 autistic yo

Chemical signals are known to influence interactions within and among species of aquatic organisms, including gastropods. However, despite the indispensable roles of chemical signals in species interactions, little is known about their effectiveness, especially in gastropods. The rapa whelk Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846) is an ecologically and economically important gastropod, but it has also

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers reflect brain pathophysiology and are used extensively in translational research as well as in clinical practice for diagnosis of neurological diseases, e.g., Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, CSF biomarker concentrations may be influenced by non-disease related inter-individual variability. Here we use a data-driven approach to demonstrate the existence of in

INTRODUCTION: Although frontotemporal dementia (FTD) with right anterior temporal lobe (RATL) predominance has been recognized, a uniform description of the syndrome is still missing. This multicenter study aims to establish a cohesive clinical phenotype. METHODS: Retrospective clinical data from 18 centers across 12 countries yielded 360 FTD patients with predominant RATL atrophy through initial