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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease with a largely unknown etiology. Although the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta is the pathological hallmark of PD, neuroinflammation also plays a fundamental role in PD pathology. We have previously reported that PD patients have increased frequencies of T cells reactive to peptides from α-synuclein (

Selective inheritance of sub-cellular components has emerged as a mechanism guiding stem cell fate after asymmetric cell divisions. Peroxisomes play a crucial role in multiple metabolic processes such as fatty acid metabolism and reactive oxygen species detoxification, but the apportioning of peroxisomes during stem cell division remains understudied. Here, we develop a mouse model and labeling te

Stress granules (SGs) are membraneless organelles formed in the cellular cytoplasm under stressful conditions through liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS). SG assembly can be both dependent and independent of the eIF2α pathway, whereas cellular protein quality control systems mediate SG disassembly. Chaperones and specific domains of RNA-binding proteins strongly contribute to the regulation SG d

Purpose: Abdominal wall complications can be reduced by adhering to guidelines for midline laparotomy closure. However, implementation of guidelines can be challenging. To address this issue, a laparotomy closure device for swift and standardized abdominal closure was developed. The study evaluated the quality of the suture, safety, and speed of the device in a clinical setting. Methods: A prospec

Background: Both aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) affect brain networks, with early disruptions occurring in regions involved in episodic memory. Few studies have, however, focused on distinguishing region-specific effects of AD-biomarker negative “normal” aging and early amyloid- and tau pathology on functional connectivity. Further, longitudinal studies combining imaging, biomarkers, and cogni

Bladder cancer (BLCA) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are two prevalent diseases that may share molecular mechanisms, suggesting potential links between metabolic disorders and cancer. Using bioinformatics approaches, we integrated multiple databases to identify common genes between BLCA and DM, screening for potential biomarkers. CXCL12 (C-X-C motif chemokine 12, also known as stromal cell-derived fac

Background: Cataracts are the leading cause of reversible blindness globally, disproportionately affecting populations in low- and middle-income countries. In Ethiopia, cataracts remain a significant public health concern. Despite the effectiveness of cataract surgery in restoring vision, information on recovery time and its predictors remain limited. The aim of this study was to assess time to re

The Multipole Injection Kicker (MIK) installed in the 3 GeV ring of MAX IV, is a success story in the use of a non-linear field device ensuring an almost transparent injection into the first ever built fourth-generation storage ring. Reducing the transient stored beam perturbations during top-up injections is particularly relevant for such machines operating at emittances in the regime of few hund

Background: Children aged 0–18 years who need long-term respiratory support rely on medical technology and comprehensive medical care. For this care to be provided at home, access to medical and social support and care is essential. In Sweden, the most notable form is personal care assistance (PCA), which is granted based on legislation and individual authority decisions. We aim to explore the imp

Diagnosing sepsis in critical care remains a challenge due to the lack of gold-standard diagnostics. Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) has been proposed as a diagnostic marker to identify sepsis in critically ill patients. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of calprotectin and C-reactive protein (CRP) to distinguish between sepsis and non-sepsis on intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Admissio

Two-dimensional electron liquids (2DELs) have increasing technological relevance for ultrafast electronics and spintronics, yet significant gaps in their fundamental understanding are exemplified on the prototypical SrTiO3. We correlate the exact SrTiO3(001) surface structure with distinct 2DELs through combined microscopic angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and non-contact atomic force mic

Purpose: The aim of this study was to translate the health-related quality-of-life questionnaire EORTC QLQ-LMC21 into Swedish and to test its clinical and psychometric reliability and validity in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) undergoing surgical treatment. Methods: The Swedish versions of the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-LMC21 were administered to 250 patients with liv

We exhibit supercritical trade-off for monotone circuits, showing that there are functions computable by small circuits for which any small circuit must have depth superlinear or even super-polynomial in the number of variables, far exceeding the linear worst-case upper bound. We obtain similar trade-offs in proof complexity, where we establish the first size-depth trade-offs for cutting planes an

Background: Fetal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has been associated with reduced male fecundity, but with few studies considering chemical mixtures. Objectives: We assessed the association between fetal exposure to a mixture of EDCs and biomarkers of male fecundity in young adulthood. Materials and methods: The study population comprised 841 young adult males enrolled in the Fe

Introduction: Snus is suggested as a risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, but little is known about health effects in young populations, particularly in women. We aimed to investigate associations between snus and cardiometabolic health markers among young men and women. Aims and Methods: This study was conducted within the BAMSE (Swedish acronym for Children, Allergy, Environment, Stockholm,

Background: Vitamin D is metabolised throughout the male reproductive system, suggesting a direct regulatory role of vitamin D in male reproduction. Objectives: To investigate the association between plasma vitamin D levels at sperm ejaculation and during spermatogenesis and biomarkers of male fecundity in young men. Materials and methods: From the Fetal Programming of Semen Quality cohort, Denmar

Background: Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been associated with cardiovascular diseases in adulthood, but studies examining childhood origins are scarce. Objective: To examine associations of childhood PAH exposure with cardiometabolic risk indicators in childhood and adolescence along with differences by sex. Methods: Urinary PAH metabolites [Σ1,2,3-hydroxyphenanthrene (Σ

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) emerges from mutant KRAS-harboring but dormant low-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). To examine the role of oxidative stress, a putative PDAC risk factor, we established an organoid-based transformation system. Although the prototypic oxidant H2O2 induced organoid transformation, its effect was nonmutational and was mediated by the oxidant-

Irradiation and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are widely utilized tools in hematopoietic research to generate myeloablation and assess blood recovery dynamics. A comprehensive understanding of their effects on the hematopoietic system is essential for optimizing therapeutic strategies, refining experimental models to modulate hematotoxicity, and interpreting research outcomes. Despite their widespread app

Birds regularly moult their feathers when they are worn from use such as mechanical wear damage due to UV exposure or accidents. Moulting generates temporary, generally symmetric, wing gaps, which can reduce flight performance by altering aerodynamic forces, lift and drag. Birds can compensate for some of these effects through mass loss, enlarged flight muscles, and adaptive wing morphing. To circ