This volume is a special issue with contributions that stem from the collaborations of the 2018 AESOP PhD workshop, held 5-8 July at Tjärö island, Sweden. The overarching aim of the workshop was to establish inclusive spaces for dialogue and collaboration between PhD students across countries and continents on issues that pertained to the AESOP’s 2018 congress theme “Making space for hope”. Furthe

Goal-directed behavior can benefit from proactive adjustments of cognitive control that occur in anticipation of forthcoming cognitive control demands (CCD). Predictions of forthcoming CCD are thought to depend on learning and memory in two ways: First, through direct experience, associative encoding may link previously experienced CCD to its triggering item, such that subsequent encounters with t

I den här forskningsrapporten har vi velat pröva och utveckla utgångspunkterhämtade från tjänstelogik i arbete med innovation inom välfärd. Växandeungdomskriminalitet och ökande psykisk ohälsa är bara två exempel på effekter avcsamhällsförändringar som utmanar den offentligt finansierade välfärden och får dencatt söka nya tillvägagångssätt. I detta sökande efter framgångsrika sätt att förändracväl

CONTEXT: The time-to-glucose-peak following the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is a highly reproducible marker for diabetes risk. In obese youths, we lack evidence for the mechanisms underlying the effects of the TCF7L2 rs7903146 variant on glucose peak. METHODS: We analyzed the metabolic phenotype and the genotype for the TCF7L2 rs7903146 in 630 obese youths with normal (NGT) and impaired (IG

Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chemical exchange saturation transfer (gagCEST) is a potential method for cartilage quality assessment. The aim of this study was to investigate how the gagCEST effect depends on the types and molecular organization of GAG typically found in articular cartilage. gagCEST was performed on different concentrations of GAG in various forms: free chains of chondroitin sulfate (CS

Mosquitos, sometimes carrying deadly diseases such as malaria, zika, and dengue fever, cause much concern. To control mosquitos, it is important to effectively monitor their presence and behavioral trends. We have constructed two optical sensing systems for insects based on light attenuation and light backscattering, respectively. The systems, which were tested with the potentially dangerous Aedes

Throughout the world, cities seek to ease transport-related problems of congestion, air pollution, noise, and traffic injuries. Urban transport planners have welcomed e-scooters as an alternative to motorized individual transport, specifically the car. The public has met e-scooters with both enthusiasm and scepticism, as cities have struggled with unforeseen outcomes such as forms of irresponsible

AIMS: To evaluate if ticagrelor, an effective platelet inhibitor without known non-responders, could inhibit growth of small abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). METHODS AND RESULTS: In this multi-centre randomized controlled trial, double-blinded for ticagrelor and placebo, acetylic salicylic acid naïve patients with AAA and with a maximum aortic diameter 35-49 mm were included. The primary outcome

OBJECTIVE: The MHC region harbors the strongest loci for latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA); however, the strength of association is likely attenuated compared with that for childhood-onset type 1 diabetes. In this study, we recapitulate independent effects in the MHC class I region in a population with type 1 diabetes and then determine whether such conditioning in LADA yields potential

Background: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between right ventricular function derived from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), echocardiography and exercise stress test performance, NT-proBNP (N-terminal proB-type natriuretic peptide) level and NYHA class in patients with a systemic right ventricle. Methods: All patients with congenitally corrected trans

During the last decade, the varying use and the lack of consistent indications for blood transfusions have been questioned. Comparisons of liberal and restrictive transfusion policies, most often support a restrictive policy. This has led to an evidence-based approach to optimizing the care of patients who might need transfusion, Patient Blood Management (PBM). There is evidence that both anemia a

BACKGROUND: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains a significant cause of morbidity and in-hospital mortality, and readmission rates are rising for older persons (> 65 years). Optimized treatment and nursing care will benefit patients and the health economy. Hence, there is a need to describe gaps between current clinical practice and recommendations in evidence-based guidelines for diagnostic

Checkpoint blockade therapies that reactivate tumour-associated T cells can induce durable tumour control and result in the long-term survival of patients with advanced cancers1. Current predictive biomarkers for therapy response include high levels of intratumour immunological activity, a high tumour mutational burden and specific characteristics of the gut microbiota2,3. Although the role of T c

BACKGROUND: Girls and women with Rett Syndrome (RTT) have low levels of daily physical activity and high levels of sedentary time. Reducing sedentary time and enhancing "uptime" activities, such as standing and walking, could be an important focus for interventions to address long-term health and quality of life in RTT. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility and health-rel

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