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Reduced plant height and culm robustness are quantitative characteristics important for assuring cereal crop yield and quality under adverse weather conditions. A very limited number of short-culm mutant alleles were introduced into commercial crop cultivars during the Green Revolution. We identified phenotypic traits, including sturdy culm, specific for deficiencies in brassinosteroid biosynthesi

Large increases in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) have been measured in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) following the administration of L-DOPA, but the underlying mechanisms have remained unknown. In this study, we have used rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions as a model of PD in order to compare the patterns of rCBF and regional cerebral glucose utilisation (rCGU)

To determine risk factors associated with increased meniscal body extrusion on knee magnetic resonance (MR) images in subjects free of radiographic osteoarthritis.

Abstract in Undetermined This paper investigates the incidence of trellis termination on the performance of turbo codes and accounts for the performance degradation often experienced in the absence of trellis termination. Analytical upper bounds on the performance for the ensemble of turbo codes using different trellis termination strategies as well as performance results obtained by computer simu

INTRODUCTION: This investigation aimed to evaluate thrombotic risk factors in children, with special reference to autoantibodies against prothrombin and protein S. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 57 consecutive Swedish children and adolescents referred with a radiologically confirmed acute thrombotic event. Clinical data were collected and a thrombophilia investigation was performed, including a

PURPOSE: Predictive strategies for the treatment efficacy of cetuximab are currently not available for head and neck cancer. We investigated the correlation between the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands and EGFR expression, and the growth inhibitory activity of cetuximab in a panel of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines. METHODS: The growth inhibiti

BACKGROUND/AIMS:: Administration of hypertonic saline (HS) solution to rats with acute pancreatitis (AP) decreases mortality and systemic inflammation. We hypothesized that these effects are relates not only to systemic inflammatory reduction but also to reduction of the pancreatic lesion. METHODS:: AP was induced in Wistar rats by injection of 2.5% sodium taurocholate. Animals were divided in gro

Climate change and anthropogenic disturbances may affect marine populations and ecosystems through multiple pathways. In this study we present a framework in which we integrate existing models and knowledge on basic regulatory processes to investigate the potential impact of future scenarios of fisheries exploitation and climate change on the temporal dynamics of the central Baltic herring stock.

Digital telecommunication technology has expanded the potential of the mobile phone to be used increasingly as a weapon against authoritarian rule and censorship. Since the content of mobile communication is unpredictable and unregulated, mobile phones have the capability to breach state-sponsored blockage of information. This in turn helps the Chinese people to maintain contact with each other, r

Tumour cell migration plays a central role in the process of cancer metastasis. We recently identified dopamine and cAMP regulated phospho-protein of 32 kDa (DARPP-32) as an anti-migratory phospho-protein in breast cancer cells. Here we link this effect of DARPP-32 to Wnt-5a signalling by demonstrating that recombinant Wnt-5a triggers cAMP elevation at the plasma membrane and Thr34-DARPP-32 phosph

The levels of care in the Swedish healthcare system comprise self-care, primary care as well as accident and emergency care. The Swedish system of specialist ambulance nurses enables referral by prehospital triage. However, little is known about patients' experiences of not being triaged to the emergency department.

Established tumour cell lines are ubiquitous tools in research, but their representativity is often debated. One possible caveat is that many cell lines are derived from cells with genomic instability, potentially leading to genotype changes in vitro. We applied SNP-array analysis to an established tumour cell line (WiT49). Even though WiT49 exhibited chromosome segregation errors in 30% of cell d

The semiconductor technology development makes it possible to fabricate increasingly advanced integrated circuits (ICs). However, because of imperfections at manufacturing, each individual IC must be tested. A major problem at IC manufacturing test is the increasing test data volume as it leads to high automatic test equipment (ATE) memory requirement, long test application time and low throughput

A problem commonly encountered in programs for prevention of mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT) of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa is low rates of HIV test acceptance among pregnant women. In this study, we examined risk factors and reasons for HIV test refusal among 432 women attending three antenatal care clinics offering PMTCT in urban and semi-urban parts of the Mbarara district, Uganda. Structure

The cortical representation of various body parts constantly changes based on the pattern of afferent nerve impulses. As peripheral nerve injury results in a cortical and subcortical reorganisation this has been suggested as one explanation for the poor clinical outcome seen after peripheral nerve repair in humans. Cutaneous anaesthesia of the forearm in healthy subjects and in patients with nerve

Background: The ward atmosphere of psychiatric care units has a major impact on treatment and satisfaction for both patients and staff. The Ward Atmosphere Scale (WAS) was developed to capture the ward atmosphere in different psychiatric settings and is a well-established instrument for this purpose. However, there is need for an update and revision of the WAS. Aim: The aim of the present study wa