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Background: Studies have shown that the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) can be improved by using learning prompts (e.g., summary prompts, pretraining, and priming). However, less is known about how such learning prompts affect students’ processing of the learning content within the virtual learning environment. Aims: This study aimed to shed light on students’ processing of learning content

Immersive virtual reality (IVR) provides great potential to experimentally investigate effects of peers on student learning in class and to strategically deploy virtual peer learners to improve learning. The present study examined how three social-related classroom configurations (i.e., students' position in the classroom, visualization style of virtual avatars, and virtual classmates' performance

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in the world, leading to a significant burden to patients and the healthcare system. It is characterised by rapid and irregular atrial contractions stemming from disorganised electrical activity in the atria. The atrioventricular (AV) node regulates heart rate during AF by filtering electrical impulses from the atria.However, for persistent AF

Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two main types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The prevalence of these conditions is approximately 0.7%. With the advent of new treatments and improved management algorithms throughout the last century, the mortality rates associated with these conditions have decreased steeply. However, IBD is still a major cause of lifetime morbidity.

This chapter sets the stage for examining gendered disinformation within feminist foreign policy analysis. It traces the rise of gendered disinformation as a security threat, emphasising the transformative impact of digital technologies and social media on the dissemination and logic of disinformation strategies. The chapter explores how authoritarian regimes and actors use gendered disinformation

We present a novel method that provides a measurement of DNA pressure in viral capsids using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). This method, unlike our previous assay, does not require triggering genome release with a viral receptor. Thus, it can be used to determine the existence of a pressurized genome state in a wide range of virus systems, even if the receptor is not known, leading to a bett

Recent studies indicate that monitoring only fine particulate matter (PM2.5) may not be enough to understand and tackle the health risk caused by particulate pollution. Health effects per unit PM2.5 seem to increase in countries with low PM2.5, but also near local pollution sources (e.g., traffic) within cities. The aim of this study is to understand the differences in the characteristics of lung-

The informal sector of the global south has lately started to gain attention from innovation and development studies scholars. Studies highlighting the determinants, barriers, social processes, and institutions that influence innovations in the informal sector have enriched the discussion on the topic. This paper analyzes the existing body of knowledge at the intersection of the informal sector, i

Context: Radiotherapy of the pelvis is a widely used method for the treatment of malignancies, and local complications including pain following pelvic radiation therapy are acknowledged complications. Objective: The primary objective is to assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of pharmacological therapies on postradiation pelvic pain. Evidence acquisition: A systematic review of the use of

The strong negative relationship between geographical distance and trade is not well understood. I use the liberalization of the Soviet airspace to estimate the causal impact of business travel cost on trade. The liberalization radically reduced travel time between Europe and East Asia and was followed by a significant increase in trade. I find that the cost of business travel can account for a la

The left atrial auricle (LAA) is the main source of intracardiac thrombi, which contribute significantly to the total number of stroke cases. It is also considered a major site of origin for atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing ablation procedures. The LAA is known to have a high degree of morphological variability, with shape and structure identified as important contributors to thrombus fo

Purpose: To investigate the impact of Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) on vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) in patients with glaucoma. Design: Cross-sectional cohort study. Participants: Twenty-four patients with CBS and 42 matched controls without CBS out of 337 patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) with visual field (VF) loss. Methods: A matching technique was used to identify control patien

Introduction: A nationwide multicenter study was performed to examine short- and long-term effects of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). IRE is an alternative method when thermal ablation is contraindicated because of risk for serious thermal complications. Methods: All consecutive patients in Sweden treated with IR

We prove linear convergence for a new family of modified Dirichlet–Neumann methods applied to quasilinear parabolic equations, as well as the convergence of the Robin–Robin method. Such nonoverlapping domain decomposition methods are commonly employed for the parallelization of partial differential equation solvers. Convergence has been extensively studied for elliptic equations, but in the case o

AbstractRecent research in the wider archaeological landscape of Great Zimbabwe recovered moreevidence of metallurgical tuyeres fused in varied multiples indicative of their use in natural draft iron smelting technologies. We report the first detailed chemical, microstructural and thermal analyses of these ceramic materials most likely associated with large-scale iron production at the zenith of tWe report the first detailed chemical, microstructural and thermal analyses of a growing corpus of metallurgical tuyeres from the wider archaeological landscape of Great Zimbabwe in southern Africa. Of note is the fusion of the tuyeres in multiples, suggestive of widespread use of natural draft iron smelting technologies for large-scale production of iron most likely during the zenith period of Gr

Laboratory mice are typically housed under extremely clean laboratory conditions, far removed from the natural lifestyle of a free-living mouse. There is a risk that this isolation from real-life conditions may lead to poor translatability and misinterpretation of results. We and others have shown that feral mice as well as laboratory mice exposed to naturalistic environments harbor a more diverse