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Contactin-1 links autoimmune neuropathy and membranous glomerulonephritis

Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, mediated by glomerular antibody deposition to an increasing number of newly recognised antigens. Previous case reports have suggested an association between patients with anti-contactin-1 (CNTN1)-mediated neuropathies and MGN. In an observational study we investigated the pathobiology and extent of this potentia

The Gaia-ESO Survey : Preparing the ground for 4MOST and WEAVE galactic surveys: Chemical evolution of lithium with machine learning

Context. With its origin coming from several sources (Big Bang, stars, cosmic rays) and given its strong depletion during its stellar lifetime, the lithium element is of great interest as its chemical evolution in the Milky Way is not well understood at present. To help constrain stellar and galactic chemical evolution models, numerous and precise lithium abundances are necessary for a large range

Chrono-chemodynamical analysis of the globular cluster NGC 6355 : Looking for the fundamental bricks of the Bulge

The information on Galactic assembly time is imprinted on the chemodynamics of globular clusters. This makes them important probes that help us to understand the formation and evolution of the Milky Way. Discerning between in-situ and ex-situ origin of these objects is difficult when we study the Galactic bulge, which is the most complex and mixed component of the Milky Way. To investigate the ear

MAXPEEM : a spectromicroscopy beamline at MAX IV laboratory

MAXPEEM, a dedicated photoemission electron microscopy beamline at MAX IV Laboratory, houses a state-of-the-art aberration-corrected spectroscopic photoemission and low-energy electron microscope (AC-SPELEEM). This powerful instrument offers a wide range of complementary techniques providing structural, chemical and magnetic sensitivities with a single-digit nanometre spatial resolution. The beaml

Energetics of Microwaves Probed by Double Quantum Dot Absorption

We explore the energetics of microwaves interacting with a double quantum dot photodiode and show wave-particle aspects in photon-assisted tunneling. The experiments show that the single-photon energy sets the relevant absorption energy in a weak-drive limit, which contrasts the strong-drive limit where the wave amplitude determines the relevant-energy scale and opens up microwave-induced bias tri

Paleoclimate evolution of the North Pacific Ocean during the late Quaternary : Progress and challenges

High- and low-latitude climatic processes in the North Pacific Ocean are important components of the global climate system. For example, the interplay among North Pacific atmospheric circulation, ocean circulation, and biological productivity affects atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and marine oxygen concentrations. Here we review recent research on the North Pacific paleoclimatic and paleoceanog

Wargaming cancer: a strategy for future precision oncology?

Development of drug resistance is a mounting problem in precision oncology, demanding a rethink of treatment strategy. We here apply concepts from military theory and espionage to the battle-like dynamics between cancer and its host, thereby identifying system vulnerabilities in cancer and ways of tricking cancer’s evolution into dead ends.

Effects of working memory load and CS-US intervals on delay eyeblink conditioning

Eyeblink conditioning is used in many species to study motor learning and make inferences about cerebellar function. However, the discrepancies in performance between humans and other species combined with evidence that volition and awareness can modulate learning suggest that eyeblink conditioning is not merely a passive form of learning that relies on only the cerebellum. Here we explored two wa

Gait training after stroke : A pilot study combining a gravity-balanced orthosis, functional lectrical stimulation, and visual feedback

RATIONALE: This case report describes the application of a novel gait retraining approach to an individual with poststroke hemiparesis. The rehabilitation protocol combined a specially designed leg orthosis (the gravity-balanced orthosis), treadmill walking, and functional electrical stimulation to the ankle muscles with the application of motor learning principles. CASE: The participant was a 58-

Knee joint kinematics and kinetics during the hop and cut after soft tissue artifact suppression : Time to reconsider ACL injury mechanisms?

The recent development of a soft tissue artifact (STA) suppression method allows us to re-evaluate the tibiofemoral kinematics currently linked to non-contact knee injuries. The purpose of this study was therefore to evaluate knee joint kinematics and kinetics in six degrees of freedom (DoF) during the loading phases of a jump lunge and side cut using this in silico method. Thirty-five healthy adu

Protocol for the systematic review of return-to-activity criteria in adolescent patients following an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a debilitating knee injury associated with sequela such as joint instability and progressive degeneration. Unfortunately, following surgical ACL reconstruction in adolescents, the rates of ACL graft failure range from 17 to 19%. A contributing factor to the high reinjury rate in this population may be the limited evidence regarding appropriat

Effect of implementing magnetic resonance imaging for patient-specific OpenSim models on lower-body kinematics and knee ligament lengths

Background: OpenSim models are typically based on cadaver findings that are generalized to represent a wide range of populations, which curbs their validity. Patient-specific modelling through incorporating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) improves the model's biofidelity with respect to joint alignment and articulations, muscle wrapping, and ligament insertions. The purpose of this study was to d

An approach for improving repeatability and reliability of non-negative matrix factorization for muscle synergy analysis

The aim of this study was to evaluate non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and concatenated NMF (CNMF) to analyze and reliably extract muscle synergies. NMF and CNMF were used to extract knee joint muscle synergies from surface EMGs collected during a weight bearing, force matching task. Repeatability and between subject similarity were evaluated for each method using intra-class correlation co

Loading intensity of jumping exercises in post-menopausal women : Implications for osteogenic training

Post-menopausal women frequently exhibit low bone mineral density, and therefore, evidence-based exercises that induce osteogenic loading and prevent osteoporosis are often essential. The purpose of this study was to investigate the loading intensity of 3 different jumping exercises in post-menopausal women. Fourteen post-menopausal women participated in this study and completed a series of counte

Females with knee osteoarthritis use a detrimental knee loading strategy when squatting

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify sex differences in lower limb kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activation patterns between individuals with osteoarthritis and healthy controls during a two-legged squat. Method: Thirty OA (15 females) and 30 healthy (15 females) participants performed three 2-legged squats. Sagittal and frontal plane hip, knee, and ankle kinematics and kinetic

In vivo knee kinematics during gait reveals new rotation profiles and smaller translations

In order to identify abnormal or pathological motions associated with clinically relevant questions such as injury mechanisms or factors leading to joint degeneration, it is essential to determine the range of normal tibiofemoral motion of the healthy knee. In this study we measured in vivo 3D tibiofemoral motion of the knee during gait and characterized the nonsagittal plane rotations and transla

Translation and validation of the hospital for special surgery pediatric functional activity brief scale for french paediatric populations

Purpose: Physical activity level is a prognostic variable for patients with injuries. Self-report questionnaires exist to obtain these measures; however, they are not accessible to all populations because of language barriers. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to translate and validate the Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (HSS Pedi-FABS) for francophone

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction improves subjective ability but not neuromuscular biomechanics during dynamic tasks

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify high-functioning anterior cruciate ligament-deficient patients and assess the effects of reconstruction on their self-reported functionality, muscle activations and biomechanical properties. Methods: Twenty young and active patients participated pre- (11.5 ± 14.3 months post-injury) and again 10.5 ± 1.7 months post-reconstruction and were individu