Objective: To analyze the effectiveness and safety of growth hormone (GH) replacement treatment in adult patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and GH deficiency (GHD) enrolled in KIMS (Pfizer International Metabolic Database). Patients and methods: Patients with LCH and GHD were studied at baseline and some of them after 1 year of GH treatment. The effectiveness of GH is presented as c

In a large, multiethnic cohort of youths with obesity, we analyzed pathophysiological and genetic mechanisms underlying variations in plasma glucose responses to a 180 min oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Latent class trajectory analysis was used to identify various glucose response profiles to a nine-point OGTT in 2,378 participants in the Yale Pathogenesis of Youth

Background: The prevalence of celiac disease in the general population is mainly unknown in most of sub-Saharan African countries. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of celiac disease autoimmunity (CDA) and its associations with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (LMTB) and Helicobacter pylori (HP) infections in Ethiopian children aged 4 years in an HLA genotyped cohort study. Met

Background: Urosepsis is a life-threatening condition that needs to be addressed without delay. Two critical issues in its management are: (1) Appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy, considering the patients general condition, comorbidity, and the pathogen expected; and (2) Timing of imaging to identify obstruction requiring decompression. Objectives: To identify risk factors associated with 30-

Background: The TREatment of ATopic eczema (TREAT) Registry Taskforce is a collaborative international network of registries collecting data of atopic eczema (AE) patients receiving systemic and phototherapy with the common goal to provide long-term real-world data on the effectiveness, safety and cost-effectiveness of therapies. A core dataset, consisting of domains and domain items with correspo

Background: Physical activity has been proposed to be beneficial for the symptomatic control of bipolar disorder, but the duration of the effects, sex-specific mechanisms, and impact of exercise intensity are not known. Method: With an observational study design, we followed skiers and age and sex-matched non-skiers from the general population to investigate if participation in a long-distance cro

Aim: The influence of dietary carbohydrates and fats on weight gain is inconclusively understood. We studied the acute impact of these nutrients on the overall metabolic state utilizing the insulin:glucagon ratio (IGR). Methods: Following in vitro glucose and palmitate treatment, insulin and glucagon secretion from islets isolated from C57Bl/6J mice was measured. Our human in vivo study included 2

Background: Active travel has a potential to increase children ' s physical activity (PA). Pedometers offer a valid option to measure PA, but do not capture cycling activity. Children ' s self-reported cycling distances can be analyzed by the Geografic Information System (GIS). Aim: To combine pedometry and GIS mapping to identify the relative amount of cycling in children ' s PA. Study group: Of

Reducing emissions is a priority for all vessels, as global warming is accelerating, and emissionregulations are becoming ever stricter. Still, waterborne transport is the most energy efficientalternative in many cases, and in some cases the only alternative. Vessels in the maritime sectoroperate far from electric charging infrastructure, and have large demands in terms of autonomy, so tobe able t

OBJECTIVE Metabolic syndrome components may cumulatively increase the risk of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, driven by insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. We investigated the prevalence of DPN in three T2DM subgroups based on indices of b-cell function and insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We estimated b-cell function (HOMA2-B) and in

BACKGROUND: Dysbiosis of the oral mycobiome has been linked to some diseases, including cancers. However, the role of oral fungal communities in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) carcinogenesis has not previously been investigated.METHODS: We characterized the oral salivary fungal mycobiome in 476 untreated incident NPC patients and 537 population-based controls using fungal internal transcribed spac

Geological time is by many geoscience instructors considered a threshold concept for geoscience students, being a central concept for how we experience geosceince phenomena that takes place on a spatio-temporal scale ranging from micro (e.g. cloud formation) to macro (e.g. plate tectonics). If one wishes to understand geoscience phenomena that goes beyond human perception, one must move from the cGeological time is by many geoscience instructors considered a threshold concept for geoscience students, being acentral concept for how we experience geosceince phenomena that takes place on a spatio-temporal scale rangingfrom micro (e.g. cloud formation) to macro (e.g. plate tectonics). If one wishes to understand geoscience phenomenathat goes beyond human perception, one must move from the conc

BACKGROUND: Metabolic alterations contribute to disease onset and prognosis of Huntington's disease (HD). Weight loss in the R6/2 mouse model of HD is a consistent feature, with onset in mid-to-late stage of disease.OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we aimed to investigate molecular and functional changes in white adipose tissue (WAT) that occur at weight loss in R6/2 mice. We further elaborated on

Objectives: Readily accessible human pancreatic beta cells that are functionally close to primary adult beta cells are a crucial model to better understand human beta cell physiology and develop new treatments for diabetes. We here report the characterization of EndoC-βH5 cells, the latest in the EndoC-βH cell family. Methods: EndoC-βH5 cells were generated by integrative gene transfer of immortal

Objective: The association between mammographic density (MD) and breast cancer (BC) recurrence and survival remains unclear. Patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) are in a vulnerable situation with the tumor within the breast during treatment. This study evaluated the association between MD and recurrence/survival in BC patients treated with NACT. Methods: Patients with BC treated wit

The 1952 General Plan for Stockholm is often seen as Sweden’s most important postwar planning document, sketching the outlines of the social-democratic urban region. In the words of city planning director Sven Markelius, it showcased ”the possibilities for building a townscape, or a milieu, with all its components that satisfy the demands we have on urban life today”. This plan has since acquired

Climate change and an increasing urbanisation create pressure on cities in terms of extreme weather events, deteriorated public health and wellbeing and a loss of biodiversity. Strengthening the provision of urban green and blue space (UGS) and ecosystem services (ES) is one way to reduce vulnerability and improve living conditions, and ’greening’ is often highlighted as an important path to creat

To optimize the workflow of civil engineering construction in a harbour, this paper developed a framework of the contaminant leaching assessment carried out on the stabilized/solidified dredged soil material. The specimens included the sampled sediments collected from the in situ fieldwork in Arendal and Kongshavn. The background levels of the concentration of pollutants were evaluated to assess t