Background: The commercialization of second-generation bioethanol has not been realized due to several factors, including poor biomass utilization and high production cost. It is generally accepted that the most important parameters in reducing the production cost are the ethanol yield and the ethanol concentration in the fermentation broth. Agricultural residues contain large amounts of hemicellu

Pleistocene glacial cycles play a major role in diversification and speciation, although the relative importance of isolation and expansion in driving diversification remains debated. We analysed mitochondrial DNA sequence data from 15 great reed warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus) populations distributed over the vast Eurasian breeding range of the species, and revealed unexpected postglacial exp

Popular Abstract in Swedish Magnetisk resonanstomografi: Patienters upplevelser och betydelsen av anpassad information och förberedelse för vuxna och barn. Magnetisk resonanstomografi (MRT) har sedan tidigt 1980-tal ökat i betydelse och är idag en vanlig undersökning för både vuxna och barn. Undersökningen innebär att patienten ligger i en smal tunnel i magnetkameran och när bilderna tas hörs kraMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is becoming an increasingly common form of exami¬nation for both adults and children. Although it is non-invasive and considered painless, both adults and children experience anxiety during the examination. The technique is sensitive to motion and for that reason many children are anaesthetised. The aim of this thesis was to improve patient care through exploring a

Frequent or chronic tension-type headache in children is a prevalent and debilitating condition for the child, often leading to medication overuse. To explore the relationship between physical factors and tension-type headache in children, the quality of repeated measures was examined. The aim of the present study was to determine the test-retest repeatability of parameters determining isometric n

In this paper, we revisit the problem of estimating the trifocal tensor from image line measurements. With measurements of corresponding lines in three views, a linear method [1] requiring 13 lines was developed to estimate the trifocal tensor from which projective reconstruction of the scene is made possible. By further utilizing the nonlinear constraints on the trifocal tensor, we propose severa

Sammanfattning Det naturvetenskapliga kunskapsläget om klimatförändringarna förbättrats ständigt genom forskningen om klimatsystemet, klimatpåverkan, klimatets variationer och förändringar samt klimateffekter. Kunskapsläget är väletablerat när det gäller den grundläggande fysiken bakom växthuseffekten, liksom att genomsnittstemperaturen vid jordytan stigit de senaste femtio åren. Det är också my

The influence of 10 wt.% mature compost was tested on the heavy metal leachate emissions from a calcium-rich municipal solid waste incineration air pollution control residue (MSWI APC). Apart from elongated columns (500 and 1250 mm), an otherwise norm compliant European percolation test setup was used. More than 99% of the metals Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe and Ni were left in the APC residue after lea

Protein is a flexible material with broad distribution of conformations forming an energy landscape of quasi-stationary states. Disentangling the system dynamics along this landscape is the key for understanding the functioning of the protein. Here we studied a photosynthetic antenna pigment-protein complex LH2 with single molecule two-dimensional polarization imaging. Modeling based on the Redfie

The pollen grains of ragweed are important aeroallergens that have the potential to be transported long distances through the air. The arrival of ragweed pollen in Nordic countries from the Pannonian Plain can occur when certain conditions are met, which this study aims to describe for the first time. Atmospheric ragweed pollen concentrations were collected at 16 pollen-monitoring sites. Other fac

Servicizing is a business model that holds the potential to support a shift towards more sustainable production and consumption by selling to the consumer the product's function, rather than the material product itself. This can offer direct environmental benefits by reducing the material and energy intensity of market transactions. Servicizing based business offers are starting emerging on the ma

Vehicular communication channels are characterized by a non-stationary time- and frequency-selective fading process due to fast changes in the environment. We characterize the distribution of the envelope of the first delay bin in vehicle-to-vehicle channels by means of its Rician $K$-factor. We analyze the time–frequency variability of this channel parameter using vehicular channel measurements a

Boken är ett resultat av tre symposier ordnade av Centrum för Europaforskning vid LU och NGO ” Citizens without Boundaries”, Syftet med symposierna var att inbjuda forskare och allmänheten till diskussion om det kollektiva minnets praktiker med fokus på hur de påverkar vår förmåga att kritiskt förhålla oss till historiska fakta och vårt sätt att se på den Andre. Under det första symposiet avhandl

Background: Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been engineered for xylose utilization to enable production of fuel ethanol from lignocellulose raw material. One unresolved challenge is that S. cerevisiae lacks a dedicated transport system for pentose sugars, which means that xylose is transported by non-specific Hxt transporters with comparatively low transport rate and affinity for xylo

This letter reports the capacity performance of a handheld dual-band dual-antenna compact MIMO terminal, which utilizes uncoupled adaptive impedance matching for capacity maximisation. The capacity is evaluated at 0.825 GHz and 2.35 GHz in an indoor office environment. The results show that adaptive matching enhances capacity by up to 44% and 22% at the low and high frequency bands, respectively,

Prophylaxis and treatment with antiretroviral drugs and elective caesarean section delivery have resulted in very low mother-to-child transmission of HIV during recent years. Updated general treatment guidelines and increasing knowledge about mother-to-child transmission have necessitated regular revisions of the recommendations for the prophylaxis and treatment of HIV-1 infection in pregnancy. Th