Measurement of net ecosystem exchange was made using the eddy covariance method above three forests along a north-south climatic gradient in Sweden: Flakaliden in the north, Knottasen in central and Asa in south Sweden. Data were obtained for 2 years at Flakaliden and Knottasen and for one year at Asa. The net fluxes (N-ep) were separated into their main components, total ecosystem respiration (R-

The collection of shells is a popular tourist activity in coastal areas of tropical countries. Tourists also buy shells, particularly large gastropods, which may be important species in marine ecosystems. While some, though outdated, information exists on the magnitude of the international trade with ornamental shells, virtually nothing is known about the extent of the regional tourist-related cur

Differential elliptic flow (v(2)) for phi mesons and (anti)deuterons ((d) over bar )d is measured for Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. The v(2) for phi mesons follows the trend of lighter pi(+/-) and K-+/- mesons, suggesting that ordinary hadrons interacting with standard hadronic cross sections are not the primary driver for elliptic flow development. The v(2) values for ((d) over bar

Many insect species dependent on patchily distributed habitats have been shown to exist as metapopulations. Here I investigated the occurrence patterns of the butterfly Pyrgus armoricanus at its northern range margin in Sweden. This was done by mapping all potentially suitable habitat patches within the only area in Sweden where the species occurs (ca. 10 x 20 km), and thereafter checking for pres

Background: Chromosomal aberrations in breast tumors from BRCA1 and BRCA2 germ-line mutation carriers are considerably more frequent than what is seen in sporadic breast tumors. According to Comparative Genomic Hybridisation analysis (CGH), deletions on chromosome 4 are one of the most frequent events in BRCA1-associated tumors, suggesting inactivation of specific tumor suppressor genes. Materials

The structural development of apatite-type chlorellestadite was studied as a function of annealing time by Rietveld refinements based on X-ray powder diffraction data (Cu-K-alpha1). Annealing (900-1100 degreesC) in air of chlorellestadite with the unit cell content: Ca-9(SiO4)(3)(SO4)(3)-(1-x)CaC1(2) (x approximate to 0) produced a nonstoichiometric phase (0 less than or equal to x less than or eq

Objective. Infliximab, an anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF alpha) antibody, is effective in the treatment of several immunoinflammatory diseases. However, many patients experience primary or secondary response failure, suggesting that individualization of treatment regimens may be beneficial. This study was undertaken to investigate whether serologic monitoring of infliximab bioavailabil

A system for the photodynamic laser treatment of massive tumors that employs multiple optical fibers to be inserted into the tumor mass is described. The light flux through the tumor can be assessed by use of the individual fibers both as transmitters and as receivers. With a computer model that describes the diffusive light propagation, optical dosimetry is under development, The system has been

The C-terminal flanking peptide of neuropeptide Y (CPON) was studied in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) by immunocytochemistry after different recovery periods (3, 6,14 and 28 days) following tourniquet compression of the rat hindlimb (sciatic nerve; 150 or 300 mmHg; 2 h). Compression induced a transient increase in the number of CPON-positive DRG-neurons (the contralateral uninjured side was devoid of

Formation of partially reproductively isolated ecotypes in the rough periwinkle, Littorina saxatilis, may be a case of incipient nonallopatric ecological speciation. To better understand the dynamics of ecotype formation, its timescale, driving forces and evolutionary consequences, we developed a spatially explicit, individual-based model incorporating relevant ecological, spatial and mate selecti

Palaeomagnetic analyses were conducted on two varved lake-sediment sequences in northern Sweden. The magnetic properties of the sediment sequences are dominated by stable single-domain magnetite with characteristics typical of bacterial magnetosomes. Alternating field demagnetization measurements indicate that the single-domain magnetite is the dominant carrier of a stable natural remanent magneti

This paper investigates the interpretation of unbounded (scalar) adjective antonyms with and without negation such as (not) narrow – (not) wide and bounded adjective antonyms with and without negation such as (not) dead – (not) alive as well as their interpretations with approximating degree modifiers, fairly and almost, respectively. The investigation was designed to test the boundedness hypothes