Context: Proneurotensin (pNT) is associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on postprandial pNT levels are not well studied. Objective: This work aimed to assess the effects of RYGB vs a very low-energy diet (VLED) on pNT levels in response to mixed-meal tests (MMTs), and long-term effects of RYGB on fasting pNT. Methods: Cohort 1: Nine no

Are differences between species the long-term consequence of microevolution within species, or does speciation involve fundamentally different processes? We analyzed the brain and body sizes of present-day primate species using a novel phylogenetic comparative method that decomposes the phenotypic covariance of these traits into speciational and anagenetic components. We estimated that approximate

The vertical shear instability and the streaming instability are two robust sources of turbulence in protoplanetary disks. The former has been found to induce anisotropic turbulence that is stronger in the vertical than in the radial dimension and to be overall stronger compared to the largely isotropic turbulence caused by the streaming instability. In this study, we shed light on the dust diffus

Plasma phosphorylated-tau217 (p-tau217) has been shown to be one of the most accurate diagnostic markers for Alzheimer's disease. No studies have compared the clinical performance of p-tau217 as assessed by the fully automated Lumipulse and single molecule array (SIMOA) AlZpath p-tau217. The study included 392 participants, 162 with Alzheimer's disease, 70 with other neurodegenerative diseases wit

Gastroparesis, characterized by delayed gastric emptying without mechanical obstruction, is a recognized complication of long-standing diabetes. Its pathophysiology involves, amongst other mechanisms, autonomic dysfunction due to vagal nerve damage, impaired smooth muscle contractility, and hormonal dysregulation of intestinal motility. During Ramadan, fasting causes significant dietary changes du

Childhood stunting is a serious global public health issue that exhibits local spatial variations. Previous studies have used traditional statistical methods to identify stunting risk factors, and little is known about the application and usefulness of spatial machine learning techniques in identifying localized stunting risk factors based on complex datasets. This study assesses the performance o

This study aims to assess the factors influencing homeowner behaviour regarding climate-adaptive renovations. This study extends the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) by integrating additional factors such as inherent homeowner qualities (IHQs) and building attributes (BAs) to better capture climate-adaptive renovation decisions. Different configurations for the impacts of these additional factors

BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, with or without neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE), exhibit greater neuronal impairment compared to healthy individuals in terms of neuronal damage, magnet resonance imaging (MRI) changes and cognitive dysfunction. Interferon (IFN)-α is a key immunopathogenic driver of SLE, being persistently overexpressed in the majority of patients. This longitu

INTRODUCTION: Long-term survival following lung transplantation (LTx) faces impediments due to chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), while infections hinder short-term survival. Fungal colonization and invasive fungal infections (IFI) are common within the first year after LTx. There is ongoing debate regarding the impact of such events on CLAD development and mortality. This study aims to in

IntroductionYoung migrants are increasingly recognised as being particularly vulnerable to sexual violence. This vulnerability is largely structural, due to the different laws and policies impacting their access to rights and services. Post-structural approaches to policy argue that policies are not responses to existing problems, but rather that social issues are constructed through policy. They

The judgments of the European Court of Human Rights manifest a mixture of factual and legal causation, when the Court reasons whether omissions should be the basis for breach of positive obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights. However, considerations that can be generally framed as normative govern the reasoning, which implies domination of legal causation. Yet, the Court still

European forests are being shaped by active human use and management, and by harvesting of wood in particular. Yet, our understanding of how forests are harvested across Europe is limited, as the real harvest regimes are not well described by currently available data. Here, we analyse recent harvests, as observed in permanent plots of forest inventories in 11 European countries, totaling to 182,64

Rates of tree mortality are increasing globally, with implications for forests and climate. Yet, how and why these trends vary globally remain unknown. Developing a comprehensive assessment of global tree mortality will require systematically integrating data from ground-based long-term forest monitoring with large-scale remote sensing. We surveyed the metadata from 466 865 forest monitoring plots

The longitudinal motion and the intramural shear strain of the arterial wall increase dramatically in response to blood pressure, thereby impacting the vascular wall microenvironment. Exposure to a sedentary lifestyle has been identified as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but it has been shown that intermittent physical activity embedded into everyday life is enough to impro

This research explores the impact of structural variations in laminarins derived from seaweed on their immunomodulatory properties. Laminarins from Laminaria digitata, L. hyperborea, and Saccharina latissima, were obtained using a two-step water extraction protocol, followed by structural characterization by FT-IR spectroscopy, 1H NMR, and MALDI-TOF MS. The laminarin backbones were confirmed as β–

Sveriges högsta elkostnader är resultatet av Kraftringens spretighet och dess historiskt höga benägenhet att investera i allsköns misslyckade projekt långt utanför Lunds kommungräns, skriver Lars Jonung, professor emeritus i nationalekonomi på Lunds universitet och Jan Rydenfelt, tidigare finansdirektör.