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The nocturnal helmet gecko, Tarentola chazaliae, discriminates colors in dim moonlight when humans are color blind. The sensitivity of the helmet gecko eye has been calculated to be 350 times higher than human cone vision at the color vision threshold. The optics and the large cones of the gecko are important reasons why they can use color vision at low light intensities. Using photorefractometry
The association between vitamin D status and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been well investigated, despite experimental evidence supporting an important role of vitamin D in liver pathophysiology. Our objective was to investigate the association between prediagnostic circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] serum levels and the risk of HCC in a prospective, nested case-control study amon
The increased prevalence of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) challenges society to evaluate the quality and efficacy of community based psycho-pedagogical programmes in order to achieve progress and to attain an acceptable level of quality of life for its citizens. The overarching aim of this thesis was to gain knowledge about staff’s pedagogical work and to provide a method for as
Popular Abstract in Swedish Städer har kommit att framstå som alltmer drivande i arbetet med att ställa om till ett ekologiskt hållbart samhälle. Utöver att genomföra statliga direktiv eller fokusera på klassiskt kommunala uppgifter som fysisk planering eller renhållning, har kommunala politiker och tjänstemän alltmer kommit att driva en egen miljöpolitik på lokal nivå. Ett exempel är energi- och Local governments are increasingly taking the initiative in environmental governance. But can they make any difference in addressing current environmental challenges, which are becoming more and more global in scope? This PhD thesis explores and analyses the outcomes of proactive initiatives in the field of building energy efficiency, and the governance approaches taken. It addresses outcomes both
The aim of this study was to use multi-radionuclide autoradiography to compare the different distributions of three radiolabelled tracers in an atherosclerotic mouse model. This method, along with immunohistochemistry, was applied to investigate the intra-aortic distribution of 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG), (131)I/(125)I labeled anti-oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein (oxLDL), and n
Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. It is suggested that the associated inflammation is mediated through activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway which plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of delayed cerebral ischemia after SAH. The aim of this study was first to investigate the timecourse of altered expression of
Abstract in UndeterminedIn this paper teh challenges imposed on corporate governance of water services in Italy and Sweden are analyzed and compared. From the comparative analysis we notice that with externalization of services more stakeholders become involved in the provision of services. These stakeholders have common as well as divergent interests and the challenge thus become to find an align
BMR (Basal metabolic rate) is an important trait in animal life history as it represents a significant part of animal energy budgets. BMR has also been shown to be positively related to sustainable work rate and maximal thermoregulatory capacity. To this date, most of the studies have focused on the causes of interspecific and intraspecific variation in BMR, and fairly little is known about the fi
Approximately 10—20 % of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) develop a severe disease with high mortality and morbidity. Activation of pancreatic proteases, the inflammatory response and impaired pancreatic circulation are pathophysiological events that are important in order for the disease to develop. There is no specific treatment for severe AP, and no useful marker for predicting the severit
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund En till fem procent av de patienter som genomgår öppen hjärtkirurgi får en efterföljande infektion i operationssåret och bröstbenet. Infektionen kan leda till allvarliga komplikationer såsom blodförgiftning, organsvikt och i värsta fall till att patienten avlider. De traditionella metoder som används för att behandla den här typen av infektion har visat sig haNegative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been widely adopted for the treatment of deep sternal wound infections due to its excellent clinical outcome. However, the mechanisms of action and effects on hemodynamics have not been thoroughly elucidated. The aims of the work presented in this thesis were, therefore, to examine the effects of NPWT on sternotomy wounds and on the intrathoracic organs.
A thoracic phantom, with embedded fragments of uranium (U) and iron (Fe) of different sizes, was imaged with digital radiography, standard-dose CT and low-dose CT and the detectable size of the fragments was recorded. U and Fe fragments were detected in diameters down to 100 mu m and 300 mu m, respectively with the standard-dose CT and digital radiography. The size limit using the low-dose CT was
Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is causally related to cervical, vulvar and vaginal pre-invasive neoplasias and cancers. Highly effective vaccines against HPV types 16/18 have been available since 2006, and are currently used in many countries in combination with cervical cancer screening to control the burden of cervical cancer. We estimated the overall and age-specific incide
To investigate the impact of overweight and obesity on the risk of RA.
A study of excited states in Ni-63 up to an excitation energy of 28 MeV and a probable spin of 57/2 was carried out with the Mg-26(Ca-48,2 alpha 3n gamma)Ni-63 reaction at beam energies between 275 and 320 MeV. Three collective bands, built upon states of single-particle character, were identified. For two of the three bands, the transition quadrupole moments were extracted, herewith quantifying t
