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In this review, the case is made that amyloid-β peptide in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease is a primary cause of the disease and that immunotherapy directed against this peptide has the potential to halt and/or reverse disease progression. This supposition is supported by the capacity of anti-β-amyloid peptide antibodies to prevent or reverse the disease in mouse models of Alzheimer
Over the past decade, the prevailing view for the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has centred on the β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide that accumulates in vulnerable brain areas in the disease. The amyloid cascade hypothesis postulates that the build up of Aβ in the brain causes damage to neurons, leading to dysfunction and loss of neurons, and the clinical phenotype of the am
In molecular neurobiology, perhaps no molecule has been as thoroughly examined as Alzheimer's beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP). In the years since the cDNA encoding beta-APP was cloned, the protein has been the subject of unparalleled scrutiny on all levels. From molecular genetics and cellular biology to neuroanatomy and epidemiology, no scientific discipline has been left unexplored - a
Colchicine may induce a myoneuropathy in patients with renal insufficiency. To date, myotonia has not been described in this disorder. We recently studied 4 patients treated with routine doses of colchicine who, in the setting of renal insufficiency, developed a severe myoneuropathy characterized by prominent myotonic discharges on electromyography. In addition, 1 of the 4 patients had profound cl
Objective: To describe two patients with mesencephalic midline clefts and associated eye movement disorders. Design: Case reports. Results: The first patient developed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia with exotropia, reduced convergence, right ptosis, right fourth-nerve palsy, and right elevator palsy several years after meningitis with hydrocephalus. The second patient had bilateral internu
Transgenic mice developing β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques are advancing experimental treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease. The metal chelator, clioquinol, is reported by Cherny et al. (2001) to reduce Aβ plaques, presumably by chelation of Aβ-associated zinc and copper. This and other recent Aβ-modulating treatment approaches are discussed.
Post-mortem studies of the brain of an Alzheimer patient indicate fewer senile plaques in the crests of cortical gyri underneath an omental transposition than in neighboring cortical areas.
In molecular neurobiology, perhaps no molecule has been as thoroughly examined as Alzheimer's beta-amyloid precursor protein (betaAPP). In the ten years since the cDNA encoding betaAPP was cloned, the protein has been the subject of unparalleled scrutiny on all levels. From molecular genetics and cellular biology to neuroanatomy and epidemiology, no scientific discipline has been left unexplored -
This article presents a study of transmission through arrays of periodic sub-wavelength apertures. Fundamental limitations for this phenomenon are formulated as a sum rule, relating the transmission coefficient over a bandwidth to the static polarizability. The sum rule is rigorously derived for arbitrary periodic apertures in thin screens. By this sum rule we establish a physical bound on the tra
To date, there is no validated fluid biomarker for tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease, with contradictory results from studies evaluating the correlation between phosphorylated tau in CSF with tau PET imaging. Tau protein is subjected to proteolytic processing into fragments before being secreted to the CSF. A recent study suggested that tau cleavage after amino acid 368 by asparagine endopeptid
Cyclic hormonal stimulation of the breast tissue plays a significant role in breast carcinogenesis. Current risk factor models do not include direct measures of cycle characteristics although the effects of possible surrogates of cycle activity such as age at menarche and menopause, parity, and nursing time have been investigated. Future risk models should also include menstrual cycle length, regu
Background: Housing-related control beliefs are associated with aspects of health among older people in general. Research on Parkinson’s disease (PD) focusing on perceptions of the home are rare and instruments capturing perceived aspects of home have seldom been used. Aims: To evaluate psychometric properties of the external Housing-related Control Beliefs Questionnaire (HCQ) among people with PD
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have used immunohistology to demonstrate Alzheimer's disease (AD) characteristic accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the retina of AD patients, a finding indicating retina examination as a potential diagnostic tool for AD pathology. OBJECTIVE: To further explore this idea by investigating whether levels of Aβ42 and Aβ40 in retina are associated with corresponding levels
Purpose: This paper aims to show how continued failure for tourism to address its global impacts is likely to imply the end of tourism as we know it. Design/methodology/approach: This paper is an opinion piece that discusses tourism out of the global situation in spring 2019. Findings: Tourism is about to undermine its own future, largely as a failure of UNWTO and ICAO to address environmental cha
Objective: It is postulated that increased load from pinch and grasp in occupational tasks increases the risk of thumb carpometacarpal (CMC1) osteoarthritis (OA). We sought to characterise the relationship between doctor-diagnosed CMC1 OA and occupation in a large working population. Methods: We performed a matched case-control study using a Swedish healthcare register. We identified residents age
This paper describes the development and application of a multi-criteria decision model to support stakeholder management in city logistics by prioritising among the diversity of stakeholders' goals. The decision model was applied and tested in a longitudinal case study of a city logistics initiative in Sweden with ten stakeholders. The data were collected included semi-structured interviews and s
