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Ekosystemen i vår värld förändras av naturliga krafter, som i sin tur påverkas av mänskliga aktiviteter. För att förstå och beräkna effekterna av klimatförändringar och mänsklig förvaltning på våra ekosystem har behovet av instrument för att övervaka och förutsäga jordsystemet ökat. Dynamiska globala vegetations modeller är matematiska modeller som tillåter en processbaserad beskrivning av växtsamDynamic global vegetation models are mathematical models that provide a bottom-up description of plant communities. They explicitly model physiological and population-level processes such as growth, photosynthesis, carbon allocation, regeneration and mortality.However, there are a number of challenges to meet in the context of mechanistic vegetation models which can be extrapolated to new environm

Tissue regeneration requires dynamic cellular adaptation to the wound environment. It is currently unclear how this is orchestrated at the cellular level and how cell fate is affected by severe tissue damage. Here we dissect cell fate transitions during colonic regeneration in a mouse dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model, and we demonstrate that the epithelium is transiently reprogrammed int

Presentation av Lunds Universitets Historiska Museum för utställningen "Mellan liv och död" på Lunds Konsthall 31 augusti - 27 oktober 2002. En bok med samma titel publicerades i samband med utställningen, där tolv arkiv och museer i Lund berättar om sina unika verksamheter i samband med en då pågående utredning vid Lunds universitet om fyra museers framtid : Antikmuseet, Botaniska museet, Histori

För varje typ av djur finns en optimal storlek, men större är ofta bättre. För 300 miljoner år sedan var jättelika drakeflugor de största insekterna någonsin. Högre atmosfäriska syrekoncentrationer tros ha tillåtit dem att både flyga och utvecklas till jättar. Men idag är de största sländorna inte större än en mänsklig hand och tar decennier att utvecklas till vuxna. Men varför blir kråkmått ellerBody size and body temperature are the two most important traits in biology. In this thesis I show how these twovariables have shaped the evolution of insects over the last 300 million years. These variables are so important infact that three rules have been developed to summarize their effects: (1) bigger is better, (2) hotter makes yousmaller, and (3) hotter is better.Using primarily dragonflies

Aim: To investigate whether gut maturation could be induced precociously in an athymic T-cell deficient neonatal rat model. Methods: Fourteen day-old athymic (nude) rats (NIH-Foxn 1rnu) were gavaged with either phytohaemagglutinin - a lectin from red kidney beans (PHA); trypsin - a protease (Prot); or water - vehicle (control) as a single dose on one day or once a day for 3-day. The nude rats were

Objective: A model for simulating multi-lead ECG signals during paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) is proposed. Significance: The model is of particular significance when evaluating detection performance in the presence of brief AF episodes, especially since annotated databases with such episodes are lacking. Approach: The proposed model accounts for important characteristics such as switching be

This study is devoted to the assessment of the relations between the digital chest x-ray screening procedure parameters, different dose quantities (DAP, ESD, Effective dose) for different age and gender patient groups and patient’s anthropometric indicators. We selected the anthropometric indicators with the maximum impacton patient’s doses. We propose a new approach for the determination of the s

The modern approach to the radiation protection of the patients from medical exposure is mainly based on the principle of optimization using diagnostic reference levels. Implementation of diagnostic reference levels and optimization in Russian radiological practice is limited due to lack of methodology of data collection and patient dose assessment, investigation and management of abnormally high

Background: High levels of blood glucose are thought to be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) and hyperinsulinemia, an interstage in the development of CRC. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between incident CRC and blood glucose; plasma insulin; and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR), respectively, and to determine whether these association

Population ageing places pressure on pensions and health care services, creating an imperative to extend working lives. Alongside this, there has been increased political emphasis in Europe and elsewhere on the provision of care in the home. Many older people will increasingly be challenged by the responsibilities of caring for the sick, disabled and elderly, and participating in the labor market.

Diagnostic reference levels are the main and the most effective tools of optimization of the radiation protection of patients from medical exposure. Diagnostic reference levels should be established based on theresults of dedicated dose surveys, allowing evaluating typical patient dose distributions in a selected dose quantity for the selected X-ray examinations. The aim of the current study was t

Background: Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) has been used to reduce spasticity in children with cerebral palsy (CP) for decades. The purpose of this study was to analyze to what extent BTX-A treatment was used to treat spasticity in a total population of children with CP. We investigated 1) the use of BTX-A in relation to age, sex, and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, 2) the mos

The aim of this study was to evaluate adult patient doses in Russia in the context of patient protection. Effective doses from x-ray and nuclear medicine examinations were assessed using two approaches. The first was based on data collection performed by the authors in hospitals in St. Petersburg and other 17 Russian regions. The second approach was to assess mean doses through the collective dose

We examined tau haplotype frequencies in two different ethnical groups from the Basque Country (BC): Roma people and residents of European ancestry (general population). In addition, we analyzed the spatial distribution of tau haplotypes in Eurasian populations to explore the genetic affinities of the Romani groups living in Europe in a broader scope. The 17q21.31 genomic region was characterized

Purpose: To compare the performance of one-view digital breast tomosynthesis (1v-DBT) to that of three other protocols combining DBT and mammography (DM) for breast cancer detection. Materials and methods: Six radiologists, three experienced with 1v-DBT in screening, retrospectively reviewed 181 cases (76 malignant, 50 benign, 55 normal) in two sessions. First, they scored sequentially: 1v-DBT (me