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I klinisk praxis görs palpation per rektum rutinmässigt på vuxna patienter vid akut buk. Vi utvärderade evidensen för detta genom en systematisk litteratursökning och identifierade 16 relevanta originalstudier. Dessa visade att det saknas evidens för diagnostisk nytta av rektalpalpation vid akut buk, inklusive misstänkt appendicit. Rutinmässig rektalpalpation bör inte göras vid akut buk hos vuxnaA digital rectal examination (DRE) is standard practice in cases of acute abdomen in adult patients. We analyzed the evidence for this by a systematic literature search, and identified 16 relevant original studies. These studies showed that there is no evidence for a diagnostic value of DRE in adult patients with acute abdomen. We should stop doing routine DRE in adult cases of acute abdomen.

A large part of new pharmaceutical substances are characterized by a poor solubility and high hydrophobicity, which might lead to a difference in drug adsorption between fasted and fed patients. We have previously evaluated the release of hydrophobic drugs from tablets based on Pemulen TR2 and showed that the release can be manipulated by adding surfactants. Here we further evaluate the possibilit

Abstract in UndeterminedThe aim of this study was to evaluate the extent to which water use efficiency (WUE) at leaf scale can be used to assess WUE at canopy scale, leaf WUE being assumed to be a constant function of vapor pressure deficit and to thus not be dependent upon other environmental factors or varying leaf properties. Leaf WUE and its variability and dependencies were assessed using lea

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Free space optics is an interesting alternative for telemetry with medical implants, due to the high data bandwidths available at optical frequencies. Especially implanted brain-computer interfaces gives rise to large data sets that needs to be transmitted transcutaneous. In this paper we show that it is possible to establish such a link at near-IR wavelengths using a modulated reflector in the im

Abstract Levels of natural radioactivity such as 222Rn (radon) and its long-lived daughters 210Pb and 210Po were measured. The radon gas was trapped on cooled charcoal filters and the long-lived daughter products sampled on fibre filters on a daily basis. In addition, short-lived progenies were followed continuously on the filters in order to achieve a time resolution of about one hour. The ave

The initial growth of MnBi on MnAs-terminated (GaMn)As is studied by means of synchrotron-based photoelectron spectroscopy. From analysis of surface core-level shifts we conclude that a continued epitaxial MnBi layer is formed, in which the MnAs/MnBi interface occurs between As and Bi atomic planes. The well-defined 1×2 surface reconstruction of the MnAs surface is preserved for up to 2 ML of MnBi

Surgical staff is considered to have several ergonomic risk factors, but their physical workload and musculoskeletal health have seldom been evaluated. Clinical examinations of neck and upper extremities were performed in 99 theatre nurses and 93 assisting nurses, all females. Their physical workload was assessed by questionnaire, and by technical measurements of postures, movements and muscular l

Almost every day a school fire occurs in Sweden. In most cases arson is the cause of the fire. The losses for these arson fires are considerable. In this report a number of cases studies have been conducted on school fires in Sweden. The project envisages obtaining more knowledge on the technical factors that influence the spread of fires with arson in schools. Solutions to mitigate the fire sp

Political institutions are keen to use the best available scientific knowledge in decision-making. For environmental policy, relevant scientific evidence can be complex and extensive, so expert judgment is frequently relied upon, without clear links to the evidence itself. We propose a new transparent process for incorporating research evidence into policy decisions, involving independent synopsis

To better understand prostate function and disease, it is important to define and explore the molecular constituents that signify the prostate gland. The aim of this study was to define the prostate specific transcriptome and proteome, in comparison to 26 other human tissues. Deep sequencing of mRNA (RNA-seq) and immunohistochemistry-based protein profiling were combined to identify prostate speci

A search for neutral Higgs bosons decaying to pairs of tau leptons with the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented. The analysis is based on proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, recorded in 2010 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb(-1). After signal selection, 276 events are observed in this data sample. The observed number of events is consistent with th

The European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis (ECB; Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a widely recognized pest of agricultural significance over much of the northern hemisphere. Because of the potential value of pheromone-based control, there has been considerable effort devoted to elucidation of the ECB chemical ecology. The species is polymorphic regarding its female-produced pheromone. Partly because of

In the present study, the electrocatalytic oxidation of reduced beta nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) was investigated using a pencil graphite electrode modified with quercetin (PGE/QH(2)). The PGE/QH(2) was prepared through two steps: (i) the pre-treatment of PGE at 1.40V vs. Ag vertical bar AgCl vertical bar KCl(sat.) in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer containing 0.1 M KCl for 60 s and (ii) adso

Chronic migraine (CM) is a type of chronic daily headache. CM presents a challenge to primary care physicians and neurologists. Any new treatment showing efficiency would therefore be of great importance. Atenolol together with other beta-blockers is a first-line choice in episodic migraine prophylaxis. Clinical findings support the efficacy of atenolol in doses of 50 to 200 mg/day.

Hypertension is associated with arterial hyperreactivity, and endothelin (ET) receptors are involved in vascular pathogenesis. The present study was performed to examine the hypothesis that ET receptors were altered in cerebral and coronary arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

Patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer extending into the hilum often present with jaundice and a small future liver remnant (FLR). If resectable, preoperative biliary drainage and portal vein embolization (PVE) are indicated. Classically, these measures have been performed sequentially, separated by 4-6 weeks.