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I efterdyningarna av finanskrisen 2008 konstaterade man bl.a. att det var ett problem att viktiga aktörer arbetade med allt för litet eget kapital, vilket gjorde dem riskbenägna. Med litet eget kapital skjuts risk i ett AB över från aktieägare till långivare. Inom bolaget finns liknande problem mellan en avdelning och bolaget och mellan anställd och bolaget. Det är helt enkelt attraktivt att ta ri
This paper provides regional GDP estimates for the 24 Swedish regions (NUTS-3) for the benchmark year 1571 and for 11 ten-year benchmarks for the period 1750–1850. The 1571 estimates are based on tax sources and agricultural statistics. The 1750–1850 estimates are produced following the widely used methodology by Geary and Stark (2002): labour force figures from population censuses at regional lev
Underavsnitt:1) Efter Sovjetunionens upplösning2) 1990-talets ekonomiska kris3) Ryska stormaktsambitioner4) Militära konflikter och utrikespolitik5) Inskränkningar i mänskliga rättigheterUnderavsnitt:1) Efter Sovjetunionens upplösning2) 1990-talets ekonomiska kris3) Ryska stormaktsambitioner4) Militära konflikter och utrikespolitik5) Inskränkningar i mänskliga rättigheter
Despite their imperative role in water resources management, distributed hydrological models like SWAT require calibration that can be challenging due to uncertainties of parameters involved. Prior to modelling of hydrological processes, these parameters and their uncertainty range need to be identified. The objective of this study was to conduct uncertainty analysis of hydrological processes and
Global gene expression analysis has been a major tool for urothelial carcinoma subtype discovery. This approach has revealed extensive complexity both in intrinsic features of the tumor cells and in the microenvironment. However, global gene expression cannot distinguish between gene expression signals originating from the tumor cells proper and from normal cells in the biopsy. Here, we use a larg
Abdominal sepsis is associated with dysfunctional hemostasis. Thrombin generation (TG) is a rate-limiting step in systemic coagulation. Neutrophils can expell neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and/or microparticles (MPs) although their role in pathological coagulation remains elusive. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced TG in vivo was reflected by a reduced capacity of plasma from septic
Mitochondria produce the majority of the cell’s energy. Any dysfunction in, or interference with mitochondrial function can have severe consequences. And yet, it was only within the last decades that screening for potential mitochondrial toxicity was included as routine toxicity assay during early drug development. Despite improved recognition of drug-related side effects on mitochondrial function
Over the last few decades, philosophers and social scientists have applied the so-called powers ontology to the social domain. I argue that this application is highly problematic: many of the alleged powers in the social realm violate the intrinsicality condition, and those that can be coherently taken to be intrinsic to their bearers are arguably causally redundant. I end the paper by offering a
This report describes a method to estimate the video bandwidth for IP cameras using the H.264 standard. The precise determination of bandwidth allows us to model the network access as a scheduling problem and/or estimate the amount of data that would traverse it during different periods. The paper is written to be as didactic as possible and presents a set of experiments, conducted in an industria
Hydropower is a major energy source in Sweden and proper reservoir management prior to the spring flood onset is crucial for optimal production. This requires useful forecasts of the accumulated discharge in the spring flood period (i.e. the spring-flood volume, SFV). Today's SFV forecasts are generated using a model-based climatological ensemble approach, where time series of precipitation and te
This article takes stock of recent changes to Sweden’s immigration policy and draws upon statistical data to show the effect of the new immigration regime. It discusses the structural economic challenge of integrating immigrants who lack education and job training, and offers Sweden as a reference (or perhaps cautionary tale) for other coun- tries seeking to change their immigration policies. This
Objectives: Transfusion-related acute lung injury is characterized by the onset of respiratory distress and acute lung injury following blood transfusion, but its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Generally, a two-hit model is presumed to underlie transfusion-related acute lung injury with the first hit being risk factors present in the transfused patient (such as inflammation), whereas the
Syftet med detta forskningsprojekt är att i samverkan med räddningstjänster, kommuner och andra berörda aktörer i storstadsområden, analysera bakomliggande bestämningsfaktorer till rumsliga, bebyggelse - och befolkningsmässiga skillnader i förekomsten av bostadsbränder. Projektet ska genom samproduktion med berörda aktörer utveckla förslag på hur brandsäkerhetsarbetet kan bedrivas och utvärderas i
'Adaptive Landscape' was first formulated as a heuristic model or metaphor for the evolutionary process by late population geneticist Sewall Wright in a famous paper published in 1932. The metaphor of an adaptive landscape with adaptive peaks of high fitness, separated by adaptive valleys of low fitness attracted a lot of interest from contemporary and later evolutionary biologists and inspired re
