Although several molecular pathways have been linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D) pathogenesis, it is uncertain which pathway has the most implication on the disease. Changes in the expression of an entire pathway might be more important for disease pathogenesis than changes in the expression of individual genes. To identify the molecular alterations in T2D, DNA microarrays of human pancreatic islets

Compounds with benzochromene and fluorene structures are common in nature and society, and they can have potentially useful biological activities. In this paper, conditions for the selective preparation of either a benzochromene or a fluorene from the same starting material are described. The procedure uses a reagent-controlled cyclization-demethylation to give the benzochromene, or an intramolecu

We report on the discovery of a generic piezoelectric field in strained core-shell compound semiconductor nanowires. We present the lattice-mismatch induced strain in epitaxial core-shell nanowires and show that it gives, very generally, rise to an internal piezoelectric field along the axis of the nanowire. This field results predominantly from atomic displacements in polar bonds and microscopic

The objective of the present study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of vernakalant hydrochloride injection (RSD1235), a novel antiarrhythmic drug, for the conversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter to sinus rhythm (SR) Patients with either AF or atrial flutter were randomized in a 11 ratio to receive vernakalant (n = 138) or placebo (n = 138) and were stratified by an arrhy

NADPH and NADH mediate reductant flow between cellular processes, linking central carbon and energy metabolism with intermediary metabolism, stress defence and development. Recent investigations have revealed paths of functional interactions, and have suggested that mitochondrial NADPH oxidation, especially together with the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, is an important regulator of the cyt

Theoretical approaches to learning in practice-based jazz improvisation contexts include situated learning and ecological perspectives. This article focuses on how interest-driven, self-sustaining jazz learning activities can be matched against the results of a recent Swedish investigation based on extensive qualitative interviews with jazz musicians regarding their views on the metaphor ‘storytel

Background Multiple myeloma cells uniformly overexpress CD38. We studied daratumumab, a CD38-targeting, human IgG1κ monoclonal antibody, in a phase 1-2 trial involving patients with relapsed myeloma or relapsed myeloma that was refractory to two or more prior lines of therapy. Methods In part 1, the dose-escalation phase, we administered daratumumab at doses of 0.005 to 24 mg per kilogram of body

Density forecasts contain a complete description of the uncertainty associated with a point forecast and are therefore important measures of financial risk. This paper aims to examine if the new more complicated models for financial returns that allow for time variation in higher moments lead to better out-of-sample density forecasts. Using two decades of daily Standard and Poor's 500 index return

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether ego-dystonic and ego-syntonic suicidal ideation occurred at different frequencies during antidepressant therapy. A blind evaluation has been performed on records of 100 suicides with a primary severe depression and 100 matched controls, admitted to the Department of Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden. Ego-dystonic suicidal ideation was more commo

A graphene monolayer on single crystal Ir(111) has been studied using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) before and after exposure to atomic oxygen. With increasing oxygen coverage the Dirac cone, centered on the K-point of the Brillouin zone, broadens and finally transforms to a parabolic rather than linear feature, introducing a pronounced energy bandgap at the Fermi level. The op

A palynological investigation of lower Paleocene (lower Teurian) marine sediments of the Abbotsford Formation, exposed in the Fairfield Quarry, Dunedin, New Zealand, reveals a well-preserved association of dinoflagellate cysts and miospores. Thirty-six dinoflagellate species representing 26 genera were recorded, including one new peridinioid dinoflagellate species, Trithyrodinium partridgei charac

Biennial sugar beet (Beta vulgaris spp. vulgaris) is a Caryophyllidae that has adapted its growth cycle to the seasonal temperature and day length variation of temperate regions. This is the first time a holistic study of the expression pattern of non-symbiotic hemoglobins (nsHbs) is being carried out in a member of this group and under two essential environmental conditions for flowering, namely

Sexual antagonism occurs when there is a positive intersexual genetic correlation in trait expression but opposite fitness effects of the trait(s) in males and females. As such, it constrains the evolution of sexual dimorphism and may therefore have implications for adaptive evolution. There is currently considerable evidence for the existence of sexually antagonistic genetic variation in laborato

Abstract in UndeterminedThe aim of this study is to compare the syntax of French and Swedish inserted (parenthetical) clauses appearing after a direct quotation. More specifically, the study explores the relationship between the French gérondif and the Swedish “V1 och V2” construction in contexts such as dit-elle en souriant / sa hon och log. The analysis is based on a translation corpus, comprisi

Excessive neutrophil activation is a major component in septic lung injury. Neutrophil-derived DNA may form extracellular traps in response to bacterial invasions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in septic lung injury. Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with rhDNAse (5 mg/kg) after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Extracellu

This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2658 new measurements from 644 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search

A rapid and simple approach of lactose analysis is proposed based on 3rd generation amperometric biosensors employing cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) from Trametes villosa or Phanerochaete sordida immobilised on screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs). After optimisation of the working conditions of the biosensors - pH of the carrier buffer, flow rate and applied potential - the sensors were able

A vision and one of the next challenges in nanoelectronics is the 3D integration of nanowire building blocks. Here we show that capillary forces associated with a liquid-air meniscus between two nanowires provides a simple, controllable technique to bend vertical nanowires into designed, interconnected assemblies. We characterize the electric nature of the junctions between crossed nanowires in a