Self-association of proteins is strongly affected by long-range electrostatic interactions caused by equilibrium adsorption of small ions such as protons and multivalent metals. By affecting the molecular net charge, solution pH is thus a widely used parameter to tune stability and phase behavior of proteins. We here review recent studies where the charge distribution is perturbed not only by prot

Caloric restriction has been found to be protective against the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in experimental animal studies. However, studies examining this association in humans are limited. In the present study, we examined whether individuals with anorexia nervosa, one marker of severe caloric restriction in humans, have a low incidence of T2D by using several Swedish registrie

In this paper I answer Aranyosi’s (Axiomathes 19(2):223–224, 2009) criticism of my “Is Phosphorus Hesperus?” (Axiomathes 19(1):101–102, 2009).

Background Several new therapeutic options for psoriasis have been tested in clinical trials in recent years. Choice of comparator, study duration and outcome measures are critical for interpreting application of trial results to clinical practice. Objectives We examined whether these trial aspects have changed substantially in recent years in comparison with the past. Methods A systematic search

Background. The overall purpose of the present study was to attain more insight in month-to-month variation of sleep duration and quality in order to improve design and interpretation of, e.g. epidemiological studies using sleep as outcome. Methods. The study design entailed monthly self-reports from 38 (26 women/12 men) daytime workers, who completed the Karolinska Sleep Diary (KSD) once a month

A statistical study of embedded metadata in a sample of more than 4 million HTML Web-pages is reported. The paper tries to determine and quantify the validity of this metadata. Of particular interest is to see if it is trustworthy enough for determining the topic of a Web-page. Datasets are collected by a Web crawler running both as a general and a focused crawler. Metadata fields 'title', 'author

β-Microseminoprotein (MSMB) is an abundant protein in seminal plasma. Most of it is present as a free protein but a small part is bound to cysteine-rich secretory protein 3 (CRISP3) as a non-covalent complex. Even though their physiological function is unknown, both MSMB and CRISP3 have been ascribed roles in prostate carcinogenesis. Thus, several recent experimental studies indicate a tumor-suppr

Simultaneous small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) were used to measure several properties of the nanoparticles and soot being produced and undergoing condensation and phase changes below a stabilizing cooling plate inserted in an ethylene diffusion flame. From the SAXS data several distinct size modes appeared showing interdependent changes in the size, shape/morphology, and

In this study, we describe a novel gene expression signature of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) activated fibroblasts, which is able to identify breast cancers with a PDGF-stimulated fibroblast stroma and displays an independent and strong prognostic significance. Global gene expression was compared between PDGF-stimulated human fibroblasts and cultured resting fibroblasts. The most differen

Although the repair of ventral abdominal wall hernias is one of the most commonly performed operations, many aspects of their treatment are still under debate or poorly studied. In addition, there is a lack of good definitions and classifications that make the evaluation of studies and meta-analyses in this field of surgery difficult. Under the auspices of the board of the European Hernia Society

Abstract in UndeterminedThis paper examines vowel production in Swedish adolescents with cochlear implants. Twelve adolescents with cochlear implants and 11 adolescents with normal hearing participated. Measurements were made of the first and second formants in all the nine long Swedish vowels. The values in hertz were bark-transformed, and two measures of the size of the vowel space were obtained

Age-determinations on a complex array of mafic dykes across the eastern Kaapvaal craton (Olsson et al.. 2010) are complemented herein by field evidence, dyke trend analysis, and petrological characterization of 58 dyke samples. similar to 2.95 Ga SE-trending, a similar to 2.65 Ga E- to SE-radiating, and similar to 1.90 Ga NE-trending swarms can be distinguished. Prominent Archean (similar to 2.95

Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) types from the Beta- and Gammapapillomavirus genera are common at cutaneous sites. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of these HPV types in oral and nasal samples.Methods. Nasal and oral samples were taken from 312 volunteers of Danish health-care staff (240 women and 72 males, with mean age of 42 years). Of these 311 oral and 304 nasal sampl

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of neuromuscular training in reducing the rate of acute knee injury in adolescent female football players. Design Stratified cluster randomised controlled trial with clubs as the unit of randomisation. Setting 230 Swedish football clubs (121 in the intervention group, 109 in the control group) were followed for one season (2009, seven months). Participants 4

According to Williamson (In defense of objective Bayesianism, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2010), the difference between empirical subjective Bayesians and objective Bayesians is that, while both hold reasonable credence to be calibrated to evidence, the objectivist also takes such credence to be as equivocal as such calibration allows. However, Williamson's prescription for equivocation gener

We investigate the relationship between market power and risk for a large panel of banks worldwide. Loan and deposit market power are measured separately at bank-year level, and the risk effect of market power is conditioned on several factors predicted by theory. Both loan and deposit market power have a stable, monotonically negative effect on risk, irrespective of risk measure. The effect is la

By applying the recently developed model REVEALS (Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites) (Sugita, 2007) to pollen data from a large number of sites across Northern Germany and Denmark, we construct maps of regional patterns in landscape openness and in cover abundance of key plant taxa in the cultural landscape of north-central Europe for selected time slices in the Holocene.