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Quantifying the impact of phonon scattering on electrical and thermal transport in quantum dots

We report the inclusion of phonon scattering to our recently established numerical package QmeQ for transport in quantum dot systems. This enables straightforward calculations for a large variety of devices. As examples we show (i) transport in a double-dot structure, where energy relaxation is crucial to match the energy difference between the levels, and (ii) the generation of electrical power b

Prediction of Long-Term Outcome After Intracerebral Hemorrhage Surgery

Background: Surgery for spontaneous primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains controversial. Previous surgical trials have primarily focused on short-term mortality while studies on long-term functional outcome are rare. We therefore conducted this retrospective study of long-term outcome on all ICH patients who underwent craniotomy at a single neurosurgical center during a 10-year period. Me

A novel serotonin-containing tuft cell subpopulation in mouse intestine

In this study, a novel subset of doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1)-immunoreactive (IR) tuft cells that also contain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT) is described, in terms of their number, regional distribution, possible synthesis or reuptake of 5HT and proximity to 5-HT-containing enterochromaffin (EC) cells. The small intestine from C57BL/6J mice was divided into five segments while the lar

Urinary tract anomalies and urinary tract dysfunction in children with Hirschsprung disease—Is follow-up indicated?

Background/Purpose: Urinary tract function in children with Hirschsprung disease (HD) is rarely considered. Aim: to evaluate the prevalence of urinary tract anomalies and dysfunction in children with HD compared to controls. Methods: This was an observational cross sectional case–control study. Children with HD who underwent transanal endorectal pull-through technique (TERPT) from 2005 to 2017 wer

Galectin 4 is a biomarker for early recurrence and death after surgical resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Background: Galectins are a group of carbohydrate-binding proteins that are involved in neoplastic development and progression. In a previous mass spectrometry-based study, we identified galectin 4 as a down-regulated protein in short-term survivors of pancreatic cancer. This study was performed to validate the prognostic value of galectin 4 in a larger cohort of pancreatic cancer patients undergo

Predicting diagnosis and cognition with 18F-AV-1451 tau PET and structural MRI in Alzheimer's disease

Introduction: The relative importance of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tau positron emission tomography (PET) to predict diagnosis and cognition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is unclear. Methods: We tested 56 cognitively unimpaired controls (including 27 preclinical AD), 32 patients with prodromal AD, and 39 patients with AD dementia. Optimal classifiers were constructed using the

Coagulation factor VIII is vital for increasing global coagulation after physical exercise

Background: In a previous smaller study, we found evidence of a diminished global coagulation capacity after maximal exercise in patients with severe haemophilia A (HA). Aim: To validate these results, we repeated the study in a larger cohort. We also examined if the exercise-induced increased levels of von Willebrand factor (VWF) might prolong the effect of factor concentrate administered just be

Inflammatory responses after vitrectomy with vitreous substitutes in a rabbit model

Purpose: To investigate the inflammatory response of current and future potential vitreous substitutes in an experimental in vivo vitrectomy model. Methods: Twenty-five gauge pars plana vitrectomy was performed in the right eye of 60 pigmented rabbits, with subsequent injection of 0.5–1.0 ml of Healaflow® (cross-linked hyaluronic acid, n = 12), Bio-Alcamid® (polyalkylimide, n = 8), silicone oil (n

Nature vs nurture in knee osteoarthritis – the importance of age, sex and body mass index

Objective: (1) To estimate the life-time genetic contribution for knee osteoarthritis (OA) surgery and (2) to explore any differences in the genetic contribution across age, sex and body mass index (BMI). Methods: We studied the sex-specific genetic contribution to knee OA surgery in a prospective cohort study of 62,490 twins aged 35 years or older with a follow-up period of up to 47 years (10,092

Maintaining multipotent trunk neural crest stem cells as self-renewing crestospheres

Neural crest cells have broad migratory and differentiative ability that differs according to their axial level of origin. However, their transient nature has limited understanding of their stem cell and self-renewal properties. While an in vitro culture method has made it possible to maintain cranial neural crest cells as self-renewing multipotent crestospheres (Kerosuo et al., 2015), these same

Three regimes of CO emission in galaxy mergers

The conversion factor αCO from the observable CO(1-0) luminosity to the mass of molecular gas is known to vary between isolated galaxies and some mergers, but the underlying reasons are not clearly understood. Thus, the value(s) of αCO that are to be adopted remain highly uncertain. To provide better constraints, we applied the large velocity gradient method to a series of hydrodynamical simulatio

Roots-Enhanced Preferential Flows in Deciduous and Coniferous Forest Soils Revealed by Dual-Tracer Experiments

Macropores formed by roots are crucial channels for preferential flows in forest soils that are largely responsible for water percolation and solute leaching. Using dual-tracer experiments (Brilliant Blue FCF and bromide [Br]), this study investigated the preferential flows of water and solutes in a deciduous forest dominated by Bl. and a coniferous forest mainly planted with (L.) Franco. Dye-stai