Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is implicated in cognitive functions. Altered concentrations of the compound are found in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Further studies to determine whether KYNA serves as a biomarker for cognitive decline and dementia progression are required. In this study, we measured CSF KYNA levels in AD patients (n = 19), patients with de

Second harmonic generation is analyzed from a microscopical point of view using a non-equilibrium Green's function formalism. Through this approach the complete on-state of the laser can be modeled and results are compared to experiment with good agreement. In addition, higher order current response is extracted from the calculations and together with waveguide properties, these currents provide t

In order to describe the influence of Pleistocene glaciations on the genetic structure and demography of a highly mobile, but specialized, passerine, the Savi’s Warbler (Locustella luscinioides), mitochondrial DNA sequences (ND2) and microsatellites were analysed in c.330 individuals of 17 breeding and two wintering populations. Phylogenetic, population genetics and coalescent methods were used to

Objective: To explore the feasibility of using low-cost motion interactive games as a home-based intervention for children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: Fourteen children with CP, 6-16 years old, practiced with the EyeToy for PlayStation2 (R) in their homes during 4 weeks. Outcome measures were physical activity monitors, Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (mABC-2), Bruininks-Oseretsk

New functional electrode materials, based on polypyrrole, were prepared by potentiostatic electro-copolymerization of pyrrole with two different pyrrole monomers, functionalized with carboxylic group: 3-(1-pyrrolyl)-propanoic acid and 4-oxo-4(1H-pyrrole-3-yl)butanoic acid. The properties of the polymeric electrode materials depend mainly on the synthesis method, monomers ratio, reaction time, and

Two-color pump-probe measurements of the peripheral light harvesting complex LH2 of Rb.sphaeroides reveal strong temperature dependence of the annihilation rate. The experimental results were modeled via multi-exciton density matrix theory. Based on available literature data we can set an upper limit for the feasible intramolecular internal conversion rate. We show that this also restricts the pos

Coupling between electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom in Rhodamine 800 has been studied using fluorescence line narrowing (FLN) and three-pulse photon echo peak shift (3PEPS). From the FLN measurement we extract the Huang-Rhys S-factors and frequencies of 16 Franck-Condon active vibrations clustered in two groups centred around 350 cm(-1) and 1400 cm(-1). The five modes below 500 cm(-1) cover

We propose to install a storage ring at an ISOL-type radioactive beam facility for the first time. Specifically, we intend to setup the heavy-ion, low-energy ring TSR at the HIE-ISOLDE facility in CERN, Geneva. Such a facility will provide a capability for experiments with stored secondary beams that is unique in the world. The envisaged physics programme is rich and varied, spanning from investig

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood that persists into adulthood in the majority of cases. The evidence on persistence poses several difficulties for adult psychiatry considering the lack of expertise for diagnostic assessment, limited treatment options and patient facilities across Europe. Methods: The European Ne

Coprolites (fossilized faeces) are common, yet previously unreported, elements in the Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) shallow-marine strata of Asen, southern Sweden. They are associated with a diverse vertebrate fauna and comprise at least seven different morphotypes that suggest a variety of source animals. Their faecal origin is corroborated by several lines of evidence, including chemical composit

ABSTRACT The present study describes topics related to music education, and the education of flautists, primarily on a professional level, covering a period from early 18th Century up to the early 21st Century within the French flute tradition. Further related areas of importance are concepts such as intuition, imitation, mimeses and maieutics and their relation to a flautist’s learning and teachi

his article presents a case study of the internationalisation of an Engineering School at a leading Swedish University. The case study is an attempt to sketch out a more qualitative analytical approach to the study of internationalisation, focusing on the interplay between agency and structure and policy and practice as constructed by actors on the ‘meso’ and ‘micro’ levels of the organisation. We

Patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD) and haemophilia A (HA) lack, to varying degrees, the von Willebrand factor (VWF) and coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) that are critical for normal haemostasis. These conditions in turn make patients prone to uncontrolled bleeding. Historically, patients with severe forms of VWD or HA were crippled before adulthood and their life expectancy was significantl

We have succeeded in direct atomic scale imaging of the exterior surfaces of III-V nanowires by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). By using atomic hydrogen, we expose the crystalline surfaces of InAs nanowires with regular InP segments in vacuum while retaining the wire morphology. We show images with atomic resolution of the two major types of InAs wurtzite nanowire surface facets and scanning

This paper provides a framework to understand the source of the economic value of soil biodiversity and soil ecosystem services and maps out the pathways of such values. We clarify the link between components of the economic value of soil biodiversity and their associated services of particular relevance to soils. We contend that soil biodiversity and associated ecosystem services give rise to two